We have developed two automated detectors that can recognize the sulfate mineral jarosite in unknown visible to near-infrared spectra (350– 2500 nm). The two detectors are optimized for use within the terrestrial and martian atmospheres. The detectors are built from Support Vector Machines trained using a generative model to create linear mixtures of library mineral spectra. Both detectors perf...

Various cultures (previously described), which oxidize thiosulfate in mineral media have been studied in an attempt to determine the products of oxidation. The transformation of sodium thiosulfate by Cultures B, T, and K yields sodium tetrathionate and sodium hydroxide; secondary chemical reactions result in the accumulation of some tri- and pentathionates, sulfate, and elemental sulfur. As a r...

Microbial release of greenhouse gases from thawing permafrost is a global concern. Seventy-six metagenomes were generated from low-soil-organic-carbon mineral cryosols from Axel Heiberg Island, Nunavut, Canada, during a controlled thawing experiment. Permafrost thawing resulted in an increase in anaerobic fermenters and sulfate-reducing bacteria but not methanogens.

The metabolism of Desulphovibrio desulphuricans does not appear to have been studied extensively. Stephenson and Stickland (1931) and Sisler and ZoBell (1950) showed that the organism can use gaseous hydrogen as a reducing agent for sulfate reduction. By growing cultures for several generations in mineral salt solution containing less than one part per million of sulfate, Sisler and ZoBell (195...

Impact of mineral dust on nitrate, sulfate, and ozone in transpacific Asian pollution plumes T. D. Fairlie, D. J. Jacob, J. E. Dibb, B. Alexander, M. A. Avery, A. van Donkelaar, and L. Zhang NASA Langley Research Center, Hampton, VA 23681-0001, USA Dept. Earth and Planetary Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA Division of Engineering and Applied Science, Harvard University, Ca...

The crystal structure of tamarugite [sodium aluminium bis-(sulfate) hexa-hydrate] was redetermined from a single crystal from Mina Alcaparossa, near Cerritos Bayos, southwest of Calama, Chile. In contrast to the previous work [Robinson & Fang (1969 ▶). Am. Mineral. 54, 19-30], all non-H atoms were refined with anisotropic displacement parameters and H-atoms were located by difference Fourier me...

Copper effects on human health represent a relevant issue in modern nutrition. One of the difficulties in assessing the early, acute effects of copper ingested via drinking water is that the taste of copper may influence the response and the capacity to taste copper in different waters is unknown. The purpose of the study was to determine the taste threshold of copper in different types of wate...

[1] Bulk and size-segregated aerosol samples were collected from the NOAA R/V Ronald H. Brown as it cruised from Cape Town, South Africa, through the Indian Ocean and into the Bay of Bengal and Arabian Sea (February to April 1999; 33 S to 19 N). Throughout the Northern Hemisphere, aerosol loading was greater than in the Southern Hemisphere. Samples collected in air that had passed over India sh...

In order to reveal the influence of ammonium salts on rare earth leaching process weathered crust elution-deposited ores, acetate, chloride, and sulfate were used as agents. The effects agent efficiency expansion, dissolution, transformation behavior clay minerals in studied. results showed that followed acetate > chloride sulfate, with values 90.60%, 85.96%, 84.12%, respectively. swelling r...