Kibble J. Use of unsupervised online quizzes as formative assessment in a medical physiology course: effects of incentives on student participation and performance. Adv Physiol Educ 31: 253–260, 2007; doi:10.1152/advan.00027.2007.—Online quizzes were introduced into a large Medical Physiology class to provide students with formative assessment before midterm and final summative examinations. Us...

− A new system of curriculum evaluation of formative assessment has been established in secondary education system in China for seven years. Attention has been given to teaching and learning as a meaning making interactive process rather than summative result of assessment. In the English teaching area, instead of using solely summative assessment, teachers are asked to give students formative ...

BACKGROUND 1996 will see the introduction of summative assessment of general practitioner registrars (trainees). One part of this assessment is the written submission of practical work. In the west of Scotland, audit projects have been chosen as the format for practical work. A valid and reliable marking schedule for such projects is needed. AIM A study was undertaken to develop a criterion-r...

Assessment for learning is increasingly part of accepted orthodoxy, with massive government funding in England, is central to national assessment in Wales, and an export to the USA. Black et al.’s Assessment for learning: Putting it into practice (2003), the ‘bible’ of assessment for learning, is set reading for trainee teachers across the UK, and this text is increasingly a staple diet for all...

Confidentiality, integrity and availability (C-I-A) are the security requirements fundamental to any computer system. Similarly, the hardware, software and data are important critical assets. These two components of a computer security framework are entwined; such that a compromise in the C-I-A requirements may lead to a compromise of the critical assets. The C-I-A requirements and the critical...

Online quizzes were introduced into a large Medical Physiology class to provide students with formative assessment before midterm and final summative examinations. Use of unsupervised online quizzes was chosen to provide a flexible supplementary learning tool for students without overwhelming a small faculty. Several quiz models were applied, which varied in the availability of course credit po...