Recent reports of the detecting of ferromagnetism and superconductivity in ruthenium-cuprates have aroused great interest. Unfortunately, whether the two antagonistic phenomena coexist in the same space in the compounds remains unresolved. By employing the magneto-optical-imaging technique, ferromagnetism and superconductivity were indeed directly observed to coexist in the same space in RuSr2(...

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General properties of anisotropic superconductors with mesoscopic phase separation are analysed. The main conclusions are as follows: Mesoscopic phase separation can be thermodynamically stable only in the presence of repulsive Coulomb interactions. Phase separation enables the appearance of superconductivity in a heterophase sample even if it were impossible in pure-phase matter. Phase separat...

The realization of superconductivity at the interface between a topological insulator and an iron-chalcogenide compound is highly attractive for exploring several recent theoretical predictions involving these two new classes of materials. Here we report transport measurements on a Bi2Te3/FeTe heterostructure fabricated via van der Waals epitaxy, which demonstrate superconductivity at the inter...

This review elaborates pedagogically on the fundamental concept, basic theory, expected properties, and materials realizations of topological superconductors. The relation between topological superconductivity and Majorana fermions are explained, and the difference between dispersive Majorana fermions and a localized Majorana zero mode is emphasized. A variety of routes to topological supercond...

Coexistence or competition of superconductivity and magnetic order remains an important issue in condensed matter physics. While conventional superconductivity is generally incompatible with magnetism, the magnetic 4f or 5f moments in heavy-fermion superconductors play a crucial role for the appearance of unconventional superconductivity. Similar to the high-temperature cuprate superconductors,...

A search for superconductivity has been carried out on the hexagonal polymorph of Laves-phase CaLi(2), a compound for which Feng, Ashcroft, and Hoffmann predict highly anomalous behavior under pressure. No superconductivity is observed above 1.10 K at ambient pressure. However, high-pressure ac susceptibility and electrical resistivity studies to 81 GPa reveal bulk superconductivity in CaLi(2) ...

In the fall of 2001, a group of researchers at Aoyama Gakuin University published a report in Nature on a new superconducting material, MgB2 (magnesium boride), which has a critical temperature of 39 K [1], the finding of which sent shock waves around the world. The discovery of superconductivity in Hg traces back to 1911. Since then, various metals and metal compounds have been confirmed to sh...

We present a 2+1-dimensional lattice model for the copper oxide superconductors and their parent compounds, in which both the charge and spin degrees of freedom are treated dynamically. The spin-charge coupling parameter is associated to the doping fraction in the cuprates. The model is able to account for the various phases of the cuprates and their properties, not only at low and intermediate...