Supernova neutrinos, which arrive at Earth earlier than light, allow for the earliest determination of the direction of the supernova. The topic of this paper is to study how accurately we can determine the supernova direction. We simulate supernova neutrino events at the SuperKamiokande detector, using a realistic supernova model and several realistic neutrino oscillation models. With the resu...

The unprecedented spatial and spectral resolutions of Chandra have revolutionized our view of the X-ray emission from supernova remnants. The excellent datasets accumulated on young, ejecta-dominated objects like Cas A or Tycho present a unique opportunity to study at the same time the chemical and physical structure of the explosion debris and the characteristics of the circumstellar medium sc...

We investigate the flux and event rate of supernova relic neutrinos (SRNs) and discuss their implications for the cosmic star formation rate. Since SRNs are diffuse neutrino background emitted from past core-collapse supernova explosions, they contain fruitful information on the supernova rate in the past and present universe, as well as on the supernova neutrino spectrum itself. As reference m...

Speckle interferometry observations, made just 30 and 38 days after the explosion of supernova SN1987A (SN) (which was first seen on February 23, 1987), showed evidence for a bright source, separated from the SN by only 60 mas. Reprocessing of that data using new image reconstruction algorithms has resulted in much cleaner images which not only clearly show the bright spot reported in 1987, but...

The most luminous Supernova SN2006gy (more than a 100 times brighter than a typical supernova) has been a challenge to explain by standard models. For example, pair instability supernovae which are luminous enough seem to have too slow a rise, and core collapse supernovae do not seem to be luminous enough. We present an alternative scenario involving the quark-nova phenomenon (an explosive tran...

The recent type Ia supernova data suggest that the Universe is accelerating now and decelerated in recent past. This may provide the evidence that the standard Friedmann equation needs to be modified. We analyze in detail a new model in the context of modified Friedmann equation using the supernova data published by the High-z Supernova Search Team and the Supernova Cosmology Project. The new m...

We discuss a concept of off-centred cavity supernova explosion as applied to neutron star/supernova remnant associations and show how this concept could be used to preclude the anti-humane decapitating the Duck (G 5.4−1.2 + G 5.27−0.9) and dismembering the Swan (Cygnus Loop), as well as to search for a stellar remnant associated with the supernova remnant RCW86.

We present the properties of the supernova SN1995ah discovered in a Blue Compact Dwarf galaxy (BCD) around 10 days after the maximum. This is the first supernova event observed in a BCD. The photometric and spectroscopic data suggest that SN1995ah is a Type II supernova and could belong to the rare Bright SNII Linear subclass, for which 〈MR〉 ∼ 〈MB〉 = −18.9± 0.6 at maximum light.

The manuscript reviews progress achieved in recent years in various aspects of nuclear astrophysics, including stellar nucleosynthesis, nuclear aspects of supernova collapse and explosion, neutrino-induced reactions and their possible role in the supernova mechanism and nucleosynthesis, explosive hydrogen burning in binary systems, and finally the observation of γ-rays from supernova remnants.

We have made VLA images of the elds around three young pulsars which have resulted in the discovery of two new supernova remnants and connrmation of a third. We argue that, in at least two cases and perhaps the third, the pulsars are physically associated with these supernova remnants. A review of all known young pulsars shows that the majority are associated with supernova remnants. We show th...