security is one of the most critical factors affecting the quality of urban spaces. nowadays, most of these spaces have become merely pathways with neither social life nor sense of belonging to it. insufficiency of public surveillance along with weak sense of control and surveillance results in spaces with high crime rate. in the late 60s and early 70s, high crime statistics in open urban space...

abstract background: the university student health surveillance system can play a key role in the health promotion of the educated class of the society. this can be done through collecting information related to health and using it for screening and prevention of disease. hence, this article will be based on the necessity of existence of such system. materials and methods: we used interview and...

background: cigarette smoking is the largest preventable cause of death worldwide. no systematic review is available on the situation of the smoking in iran, so we decided to provide an overview of the studies in the field of smoking in iranian populations. methods: published persian-language papers of all types until 2009 indexed in the iranmedex (http://www.iranmedex.com) and magiran (http://...

background several factors may cause infertility and fetal loss. blood groups antigens seem to be implied in the mechanisms of infertility and fetal loss. maternal natural antibody can react against father’s blood group antigens on spermatozoa. the effects of parental blood group system on infertility and fetal surveillance perceived by its manifestation in prezygotic (caused infertility) and p...

Multi-transmitter multi-receiver passive radar, which locates target in the surveillance area by the reflected signals of the available opportunistic transmitter from the target, is of interest in many applications. In this paper, we investigate different signal processing scenarios in multi-transmitter multi-receiver passive radar. These scenarios include decentralized processing of reference ...

The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention is pursuing 3 distinct, complementary efforts focused on providing data for action, including facility-level use metrics for benchmarking across comparable patient care settings, national estimates of usage patterns using sentinel surveillance sites, and limited assessments using proprietary data.

From June 2009 through December 2009, Haiti conducted sentinel surveillance for influenza. 499 samples were collected and tested using real-time RT-PCR. 197 (39.5%) were positive for influenza, including 95 (48%) pandemic (H1N1) 2009, 57 (29%) seasonal influenza A and 45 (23%) influenza B. The median age of pandemic (H1N1) 2009 cases was 21.7; two-thirds of pandemic (H1N1) 2009 cases were in pa...

OBJECTIVE To compare HIV prevalence from antenatal surveillance to that of the demographic and health survey (DHS), and to identify factors determining the difference of HIV prevalence between women recruited in these two surveys in Rwanda in 2005. METHODS Comparative cross-sectional study of HIV prevalence and socio-demographic factors collected by the antenatal survey in 13,745 pregnant wom...