Microglia are equipped with a strong proton (H(+)) extrusion pathway, a voltage-gated H(+) channel, probably to compensate for the large amount of H(+) generated during phagocytosis; however, little is known about how this channel is regulated in pathological states. Because neural damage is often associated with intracellular and extracellular acidosis, we examined the regulatory mechanisms of...

Several years ago it was observed that strict anaerobiosis prevented the swelling of isolated liver mitochondria. This was true for spontaneous swelling and for swelling induced by phosphate, certain metal ions, and other substances (l-3). This observation created a sharp paradox with the generally accepted view that adenosine triphosphate or active phosphorylation was essential in maintaining ...

A close correlation between the process of oxidative phosphorylation and mitochondrial swelling and shrinking has been described by a number of investigators by means of light scattering measurements (l-lo). The effects of various reagents on mitochondrial volume have also been reported; some examples are: Ca++, phosphate, arsenate, adenine nucleotides, thyroxine, and agents which uncouple oxid...

i ntroduction: our study was designed to assess the effect of the submucosal injection of dexamethasone on postoperative discomfort after surgical removal of impacted mandibular third molars. m at erials and methods : twenty six patients with bilaterally bony impacted mandibular third molars were recruited to this split mouth study. on the study side, prior to surgery, 8 mg of dexamethasone was...

INTRODUCTION The aim of this study was to determine a low disease activity threshold--a 28-joint disease activity score (DAS28) value--for the decision to maintain unchanged disease-modifying antirheumatic drug (DMARD) treatment in rheumatoid arthritis patients, based on expert opinion. METHODS Nine hundred and sixty-seven case scenarios with various levels for each component of the DAS28 (re...

OBJECTIVE Trials of disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (DMARDs) enrol active rheumatoid arthritis patients identified using standard criteria (three out of four of: >/=6 tender joints, >/=6 swollen joints, ESR >/= 28 mm/h, >/=45 min morning stiffness). Concern has been expressed about generalizability, as many patients in routine practice have less active disease. Furthermore, these criteri...

microencapsulation has become a common technique in the production of controlled release dosage forms. many results have been reported, concerning the use of alginate beads as controlled release drug formulations. alginate has a unique gel-forming property in the presence of multivalent cations, in an aqueous medium. ibuprofen is an excellent analgesic and antipyretic, non-steroidal anti-inflam...

Earlier work (2) demonstrated that low, but not high, concentrations of ascorbate produce a swelling or lytic change in dilute suspensions of isolated liver mit.ochondria. This structural change shows both similarities to and differences from the phosphate-induced, electron transport-dependent swelling which has been rather extensively investigated (3-6). Both phenomena require O2 and can be pr...

In this work, synthesis and swelling behavior of a superabsorbent hydrogel based on Pectin (Pc) and polyacrylonitrile (PAN) were investigated. A mechanism for hydrogel formation was proposed and the structure of the product was established using FTIR spectroscopy. The Pc-poly (sodium acrylate-co-acrylamide) hydrogel exhibited a pH-responsive swelling-deswelling behavior at pH’s 2 and 8. This on...

Arachidonic acid or its metabolites have been implicated in the regulatory volume decrease (RVD) response after hypotonic cell swelling in some mammalian cells. The present study investigated the role of arachidonic acid (AA) during RVD in the human neuroblastoma cell line CHP-100. During the first nine minutes of hypo-osmotic exposure the rate of 3H-arachidonic acid (3H-AA) release increased t...