A new method to study the reactions to unexpected mechanical perturbations during human walking on a treadmill is presented. Perturbations consisted of an obstruction of the forward swinging foot during the early swing phase. These were caused by obstacles which were dropped on the treadmill in front of the subject. The timing of the perturbation was controlled by an electromagnet which release...

This paper presents the use of multiple sensors for walking assessment and provision of cognitive feedback during early re-education of incomplete spinal cord injured (SCI) humans. The paper is focused on the swing phase estimation as an important part of the Functional Electrical Stimulation (FES) gait re-education system for incomplete spinal cord injured persons. The proposed sensory system ...

Template models can help to demonstrate and prove concepts on human locomotion such as the spring-mass model [1]. Since biarticular muscles may have specific tasks in walking [2], their action during the swing phase is investigated in this study. A new model is presented to describe the swing leg motion (Fig .1). The goal is to identify the role of elastic biarticular muscles on swing leg dynam...

Recent investigations have focused on the use of active phase imbalance schemes using series connected FACTS devices for subsynchronous resonance (SSR) and power swing damping. This paper compares the effectiveness of TCSC and SSSC based single phase compensation schemes with the corresponding three phase schemes. Controllability of swing modes as well as torsional modes is compared by using a ...

OBJECTIVE The aim of the paper is to present the development of a system for swing phase restoration in patients with incomplete spinal cord injury. METHODS The functional electrical stimulation based gait re-education system comprises a sensory system, a system providing cognitive feedback and a motor augmentation system facilitating and correcting the movement of the swinging extremity. Mat...

Human gait is characterized by periodic repetitions of two phases: a stance phase in which a foot is in contact with the ground, followed by a swing phase in which the lower limb swings through after toe-off. The functional necessities of above-knee prostheses are to provide knee locking during the stance phase and damping during the swing phase. Most of the conventional above-knee prostheses a...

We investigated corrective reactions for backward balance losses during walking. Several biomechanical studies have suggested that backward falling can be predicted from the horizontal position and velocity of the body center of mass (COM) related to the stance foot. Our hypothesis was that corrective reactions for backward balance losses depend on whether the body moves forward or backward aft...

INTRODUCTION Hamstring strain injuries are common in sports that involve high-speed running. It remains uncertain whether the hamstrings are susceptible to injury during late swing phase, when the hamstrings are active and lengthening, or during stance, when contact loads are present. In this study, we used forward dynamic simulations to compare hamstring musculotendon stretch, loading, and wor...