This paper presents a new approach to show the validity of the chaining syllogism for fuzzy IF-THEN rules and rule bases. Based on this approach new conditions are given on which the deduction scheme holds.

Syllogism reasoning is a common and important form of in human thinking from Aristotle onwards. To overcome the shortcomings previous studies, this article makes full use set theory classical propositional logic, deduces remaining 23 valid syllogisms only on basis syllogism EIO-2 perspective mathematical structuralism, then successfully establishes concise formal axiom system for categorical sy...

Logical inference is often seen as an exclusively human and language-dependent ability, but several nonhuman animal species search in a manner that is consistent with a deductive inference, the disjunctive syllogism: when a reward is hidden in one of two cups, and one cup is shown to be empty, they will search for the reward in the other cup. In Experiment 1, we extended these results to toddle...

In recent years model-based reasoning has achieved a certain prominence among logicians and cognitive scientists. Its repute is deserved, notwithstanding that it has some vigorous rivals. Although both model-based and non-model-based systems aim at elucidations of good reasoning, there are certain issues that challenge them equally across the lines of their respective theoretical and methodolog...

Abduction is a methodology of scienti c researches. Peirce showed three types of abduction, and expressed them by one syllogism. Recently various researches on abduction or abductive logic have been developed in the elds of automated reasoning and machine learning. In order to systematically understand such researches and to clearly discuss abduction, this paper classi es abduction into ve type...

This paper investigates the possibility of performing automated reasoning in probabilistic logic when probabilities are expressed by means of linguistic quantifiers. Each linguistic term is expressed as a prescribed interval of proportions. Then instead of propagating numbers, qualitative terms are propagated in accordance with the numerical interpretation of these terms. The quantified syllogi...

The present study extended the investigation of the belief bias effect in syllogistic reasoning in two ways: (1) The effect was studied under instructions to decide whether conclusions were possible, as well as necessary, given the premises; and (2) the effect was studied for types of syllogism where people rarely endorse the conclusions as well as those (valid and fallacious) where endorsement...