great effect of three way catalytic convertor (twc) performance on oxygen sensor output voltage has made the sensor (located after catalyst) as the main signal in almost all today’s twc monitoring algorithms. in this paper output voltage of nonlinear oxygen sensor is estimated using a nonlinear autoregressive with exogenous inputs (narx) model. the estimation uses ecu calculated exhaust gas flo...

This paper presents an efficient observation concerning the enhancement of smart grid (SG) based on optimal placement phasor measurement units (OPP) using nonlinear programming (NLP). The proposed algorithm tries to achieve two objectives: (i) ascertain minimum number (PMUs) and (ii) increase redundancy SG at all buses. Synchronized current voltage phasors are obtained enhance accuracy state es...

By using observations from pump-probe stroboscopic confocal microscopy and spectroscopy, we demonstrate the dynamics of trions fractional quantum Hall edge on order ∼1 ps. The propagation state excited by a voltage pulse is detected as temporal change in reflectance downstream probed optical pulses synchronized with pulse. resolution such measurements fast duration time probe (∼1 ps). This ultr...

The equations for the transfer characteristics and sub-threshold swing of dual-gate a-IGZO TFTs, when the top and bottom gate electrodes are connected (synchronized), are developed based on device physics. From these equations, it is found that synchronized DG aIGZO TFTs can be considered as conventional TFTs with modified gate capacitance and threshold voltage. The device parameters of coplana...

This paper presents a novel fault location method for series compensated transmission lines. It is established based on synchronized voltages sampling and Thevenin impedance from both ends of series compensated transmission line. The method is based on the use of phasor measurement units (PMU) technology which is aimed to be independent of current measurements, fault type, fault resistance, fau...

The widespread diffusion of nonlinear power electronics-based devices in distribution grids has raised the interest toward quality monitoring. In this respect, estimation synchronized harmonic phasors would enable employment algorithms that allow identifying sources disturbances, which, until now, have only been tested through numerical simulations or implemented on small-scale. However, impact...