As the post-transcriptional regulators of gene expression, microRNAs or miRNAs comprise an integral part of understanding how genomes function. Although miRNAs have been a major focus of recent efforts, miRNA research is still in its infancy in most plant species. Aegilops tauschii, the D genome progenitor of bread wheat, is a wild diploid grass exhibiting remarkable population diversity. Due t...

Tropospheric (ground-level) ozone is a harmful phytotoxic pollutant, and can have negative impact on crop yield quality in sensitive species. Ozone also induce visible symptoms leaves, appearing as tiny spots (stipples) between the veins upper leaf surface. There little measured data concentrations Africa it be labour-intensive expensive to determine direct of field. The identification an easie...

The cytology of nine new D genome hybrids involving Triticum syriacum, Triticum ventricosum, Triticum cyclindricum, Triticum juvenale, Triticum crassum, Triticum tauschii and Triticum aestivum is described. The calculation of numerical values of the relative affinity and the patterns of chromosome pairing indicate that the D genome in T. syriacum and T. juvenale may have been substantially modi...

Ecology of hypogeic mycorrhizal fungi, such as truffles, remains largely unknown, both in terms of their geographical distribution and their environmental niches. Occurrence of true truffles (Tuber spp.) was therefore screened using specific polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assays and subsequent PCR amplicon sequencing in tree roots collected at 322 field sites across the Czech Republic. These s...

Homeologous wheat chromosome arms that differ by the presence or absence of a Nor locus or greatly differ in the numbers of copies of rRNA genes per Nor locus show conspicuous differences in the distribution of recombination. To assess directly the position effects of Nor loci on recombination across chromosome arms, a Triticum monococcum Nor9 haplotype was substituted for Triticum aestivum Nor...

Zymograms of the aspartate aminotransferase (AAT, EC 2.6.1.1) activity in leaf extracts from Aegilops and Triticum species revealed three AAT zones, denoted according to the decreasing electrophoretic mobility towards the anode as AAT-1, AAT-2 and AAT-3. The AAT activity zymograms of subcellular fractions isolated from T. aestivum seedlings made it possible to establish that the AAT-1 zone is l...

T two best candidate species for truffle cultivation in the south-central U.S. are the Burgundy truffle (Tuber aestivum Vitt., syn. T. uncinatum Ch., Fig. 1a) and the Périgord black truffle (T. melanosporum Vitt., Fig. 1b). These common names (Burgundy truffle and Périgord black truffle) are derived from the names of two of the many regions in France where they are famous. Though native to Euro...

Injection of 0-5 % colchicine into immature tillers of genotypes of Triticum aestivum, T. aestivum x Aegilops mutica and T. aestivum x Secale cereale hybrids induces asynapsis at first meiotic metaphase irrespective of the homologous or homoeologous nature of the potential pairing chromosomes. The induction of asynapsis occurs at a time during and immediately following the last premeiotic mitos...