The purpose of this study is to follow-up the distribution, lethality percentile doses (LDs) and bioaccumulation of aluminium oxide nanoparticles (Al2O3-NPs, average diameter 9.83 ± 1.61 nm) in some tissues of male albino rats, and to evaluate its genotoxicity to the brain tissues, during acute and sublethal experiments. The LDs of Al2O3-NPs, including median lethal dose (LD50), were estimated ...

Abstract: Arsenic trioxide (As2O3) has cytotoxic effects on several cancer cell lines. However, the molecular mechanisms of action remain to be elucidated. Hence, the aim of the present study was to evaluate the cytotoxicity and genotoxicity induced by As2O3 in a human Jurkat T-cell line using the MTT [3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide] and alkaline single cell gel e...

3,3'-Dinitrobisphenol A (dinitro-BPA) is formed in a mixture of bisphenol A (BPA) and nitrite under acidic conditions. It shows genotoxicity in male ICR mice on a micronucleus test, but its estrogenic activity has not been examined in vivo. We examined its estrogenic activity using goldfish (Carassius auratus) by measuring plasma levels of vitellogenin (VTG) by the ELISA method. Expression of V...

The present study examines the potential of the comet assay using the rainbow trout gonad cell line-2 (RTG-2) as an in vitro indicator test for genotoxicity assessment of aquatic contaminants and native surface waters. Initially, the comet assay protocol was adapted to the RTG-2 cell line. An exposure period of 2 h was found to be optimal, because DNA damage decreased when exposure was prolonge...

Induced pluripotent stem cells (IPS) are an artificially derived type of pluripotent stem cell, showing many of the same characteristics as natural pluripotent stem cells. IPS are a hopeful therapeutic model; however there is a critical need to determine their response to environmental toxins. Effects of arsenic on cells have been studied extensively; however, its effect on IPS is yet to be elu...

A general method of tail index estimation for heavy-tailed time series, based on examining the growth rate of the logged sample second moment of the data was proposed and studied in Meerschaert and Scheffler (1998) as well as Politis (2002). To improve upon the basic estimator, we introduce a scale-invariant estimator that is computed over subsets of the whole data set. We show that the new est...

Mancozeb and methomyl are active ingredients commonly contained in pesticides applied shallot farming. Surface runoff can carry pesticide residues that enter water bodies affect non-target organisms, such as Daphnia magna. This study evaluated the genotoxicity effects of individual combined mancozeb on DNA damage D. Organisms at 24 h old 48 were exposed to concentrations for obtain LC50-24 valu...

Background: Cadmium is one of the most toxic heavy metals in our environment having a very strong ability to accumulate in body organs, especially in kidney. The present study was done to determine the genotoxicity and cytotoxicity in kidneys of rats exposed to cadmium. Methods: Male rats (n=30), kept in standard conditions were used in this study. The animals were randomly divided into 2 group...

Colon cancer is the third leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Recent studies in our laboratory have demonstrated that arsenic trioxide is cytotoxic in human colon cancer (HT-29), lung (A549) and breast (MCF-7) carcinoma cells. The purpose of the present study is to investigate the effects of arsenic trioxide on DNA synthesis and the possible genotoxic effects on human colon cancer...

There is increasing concern about the toxicities and potential risks, both still poorly understood, of silver nanoparticles for the aquatic environment after their eventual release via wastewater discharges. In this study, the toxicities of sediment associated nano (<100 nm)-, micron (2–3.5 μm)and ionic (AgNO3)-Ag on the sediment-dwelling polychaete, Nereis diversicolor, were compared after 10 ...