Since the early 2000s Arabic has become an increasingly popular language at academic level across Europe and North America, with high numbers of students enrolling on a variety programmes offering Modern Standard – as well local varieties Arabic, commonly known ‘āmmiyya target (Dickins Watson 2006, 108; Ryding 13; Mohamed 2021b, 59). The demand for this resulted in unprecedented progress learni...

teaching whether it is the type,method,subject or the content, is depended on the textbook to a very great extent and it is one of the most important elements of the learning procedures, and a flowing and updated interpretation for what is called the academic context for the method, and therefore the type and the quality of the textbook is from the issues that concerns those who care about the ...

The recognition of continuous speech is one of the main challenges in the building of automatic speech recognition (ASR) systems, especially when it comes to phonetically complex languages such as Arabic. An ASR system seems to be actually in a blocked alley. Nearly all solutions follow the same general model. The previous research focused on enhancing its performance by incorporating supplemen...

We propose a set of techniques for extracting a new standard benchmark database for Arabic handwritten scripts. Thresholding, filtering, and skew detection/correction techniques are developed as a pre-processing step of the database. Local minima and maxima using horizontal and vertical histogram are implemented for extracting the script elements of the database. Elements of the database contai...

a community of practice may shape and reshape the identity of members of the community through providing them with situated learning or learning environment. this study, therefore, is to clarify the salient learning-based features of the language teaching community of practice that might formulate the identity of language teachers. to this end, the study examined how learning situations in two ...