Abstract Decline phenomena of shrub species such as Quercus coccifera and Retama raetam have occurred throughout Tunisian forests since 2012. These evergreen shrubs long been regarded for their medicinal ecological interests. Therefore, preservation valuable forest resources is great interest. However, information regarding aetiology this disease still scarce. Hence, the aim study was to identi...

Orientation of adjacent genes has been reported to affect their expression in eukaryotic systems, and metabolic engineering also often makes repeated use of a few promoters to obtain high expression. To improve transcriptional control in heterologous expression, we examined how these factors affect gene expression and enzymatic activity in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. We assembled D-xylose reducta...

BACKGROUND Quantitative real-time reverse-transcriptase PCR (qRT-PCR) is an important technique for analyzing differences in gene expression due to its sensitivity, accuracy and specificity. However, the stability of the expression of reference genes is necessary to ensure accurate qRT-PCR assessment of expression in genes of interest. Perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) is important forage ...

in the present study, the diversity of trichoderma spp. was investigated in alkaline pistachio soils at different geographic area in kerman province, iran. a total of 161 trichoderma isolates were obtained and identified at the species level by analysis of their morphological characters and sequence analysis of their internal transcribed spacer regions of the rrna cluster and tef1 genes as phyl...

Although the genus Pseudocercospora has a worldwide distribution, it is especially diverse in tropical and subtropical countries. Species of this genus are associated with a wide range of plant species, including several economically relevant hosts. Preliminary studies of cercosporoid fungi from Brazil allocated most taxa to Cercospora, but with the progressive refinement of the taxonomy of cer...

beta-Xylosidase secreted by the shoyu koji mold, Aspergillus oryzae, is the key enzyme responsible for browning of soy sauce. To investigate the role of beta-xylosidase in the brown color formation, a major beta-xylosidase, XylA, and its encoding gene were characterized. beta-Xylosidase XylA was purified to homogeneity from culture filtrates of A. oryzae KBN616. The optimum pH and temperature o...

Culm rhomboid rot is a new disease of Moso bamboo (Phyllostachys edulis) and mainly occurs on grown at an altitude above 800 m. The typical symptoms start with black spots irregular shapes, which expand vertically into elongated, fusiform, or shape up to 15 cm in length. Eleven fungal isolates were isolated from infected tissue, the isolate BBB1 was confirmed as pathogen following Koch’s postul...

The genus Cercospora includes many important plant pathogenic fungi associated with leaf spot diseases on a wide range of hosts. The mainland of Iran covers various climatic regions with a great biodiversity of vascular plants, and a correspondingly high diversity of cercosporoid fungi. However, most of the cercosporoid species found to date have been identified on the basis of morphological ch...

Broomrapes (Orobanche spp.) are parasitic weeds and considered as a major limiting factor for the cultivation of various crops in many parts of the world. Due to the special biology of broomrape, including seed production, dispersal and longevity, the control of these species are often extremely difficult. Broomrape poses a serious threat to Iran’s agriculture; therefore exploring potential bio...