Polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins/dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are omnipresent and persistent environmental pollutants. In particular, 29 congeners are of special concern, and these are usually referred to as dioxin-like compounds (DLCs). In the European Union, the risks associated with DLCs in food products are estimated by aweighted sumof theDLCs’ concentration...

Abstract The use of amino acid (AA) nitrogen stable isotopes (δ 15 N) from consumer tissues aims to provide precise estimates trophic position (TP), but the drivers AA isotope fractionation remain unclear. In particular, main factors driving variability in TEF among taxonomic groups and levels largely unexplained, which challenges application universal values for TEFs. While relationship betwee...

A tracheoesophageal fistula (TEF), albeit rare, can be a life-threatening condition that requires prompt identification and treatment. Pulmonary contamination and restriction of proper nutrition are common, unfortunate consequences of untreated TEFs and are often the causes of mortality in this population. In our patient, a history of laryngeal malignancy along with symptoms of chest pain and c...

Concentration-dependent effects of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD), 2,3,4,7,8-pentachlorodibenzofuran (PeCDF), and 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzofuran (TCDF) on cytochrome P4501A (CYP1A) induction were determined in primary cultures of embryonic herring gull (Larus argentatus) hepatocytes exposed for 24 h. Based on the concentration that induced 50% of the maximal response (EC50), the re...

The invasive amphipod Dikerogammarus villosus has become increasingly dominant in German river ecosystems since the River Rhine invasion in the mid-1990s. Because it is preying on other invertebrate taxa, its appearance is often assumed to be associated with a drastic decrease in species diversity and changes in natural benthic communities. Despite this, the trophic function of D. villosus and ...

Estimation of carcinogenic potency based on analysis of 16 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) ranked by U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is the most popular approach within scientific and environmental air quality management communities. The majority of PAH monitoring projects have been focused on particle-bound PAHs, ignoring the contribution of gas-phase PAHs to the toxicity of...

We have measured non-ortho-substituted (coplanar) polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) levels as well as polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxin (PCDD) and polychlorinated dibenzofuran (PCDF) levels in human adipose tissue and serum collected in Atlanta, Georgia. The results show that the concentrations of the coplanar PCBs can be more than an order of magnitude higher than the concentrations of 2,3,7,8-tet...

Historically, sediments and floodplain soils of the Tittabawassee River (TR; MI, USA) have been contaminated with polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs), polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs), and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs). Median concentrations of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin equivalents (TEQs) based on 2006 World Health Organization tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin toxic equivalen...

We report the causes and characteristics of benign tracheoesophageal fistulas (TEF) in 14 cases and investigate the effects of different stenting methods in the treatment of TEF. Among the 14 cases, 2 cases resulted from inflammation, 8 cases from post-esophagectomy complications, 2 cases from complications of esophageal stenting for anastomotic strictures, and 2 cases from complications of che...

A general study of transverse energy flows (TEF) as physically meaningful and informative characteristics of paraxial light beams' spatial structure is presented. The total TEF can be decomposed into the spin and orbital contributions giving rise to the spin and orbital angular momentums, correspondingly. Definitions and properties of these constituents are discussed in relation with the optica...