Studying the thermophysical properties of disaccharide based ternary solutions are gaining increasing importance because of their role as excepients in preservation protocols for biologics in general and mammalian cells in particular. Preservation strategies involve not only cryopreservation, but novel approaches like room temperature vitrification and lyophilization. In this study we investiga...

extended abstractintroductiona map is a drawing ground features on one side of the paper. the cartographic maps are representations of the earth upon a flat surface in the smaller scale than it’s true. large scale maps cover relatively small regions in great detail and small scale maps cover large regions such as nations, continents and the whole globe. logical connection between the features a...

In this study, the thermal characteristics of turbulent nanofluid flow in a helical tube in the tube heat exchanger (HTTHE) were assessed numerically through computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation. The findings of both the turbulent models: realizable k-epsion (k-ε) and re-normalisation group (RNG) k-epsilon were compared. The temperature distribution contours show that realizable and RN...

introduction climate is a system consisting of atmosphere, lithosphere, cryosphere, hydrosphere, and biosphere. this system is involved in the exchange of energy and moisture among these five components. the exchanges link the atmosphere as the central component of the climate to other spheres. changes do not occur separately in this system; rather change in one component contributes to reactio...

BACKGROUND The estimation of lesion size is an integral part of treatment planning for the clinical applications of radiofrequency ablation. However, to date, studies have not directly evaluated the impact of different computational estimation techniques for predicting lesion size. In this study, we focus on three common methods used for predicting tissue injury: (1) iso-temperature contours, (...