A temporal database schema models objects or concepts with time-related or time-variant properties and a derived database contains measurements or descriptions concerning these temporal properties. The modelling of temporal information in a temporal database has an impact on the consistency of the database. Of course, this temporal information can be queried. In some cases, information in the q...

Temporal DBMS ooer concepts and functionalities related to data timestamping and history management. Analyzing the numerous approaches in this eld demonstrate a signiicant lack of uniication of the main results, thus postponing the emergence of commercial products. This problem is about to be solved for the relational approach, e.g. through the deenition of the TSQL2 language. However, there is...

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The use of versions has been essential in several database applications, allowing the storage and the handling of different database states. During the schema evolution, versioning is used to preserve all schema versions, as well as their instances. On the other hand, bitemporal database concepts, that incorporate transaction and valid timestamps, provide flexibility to schema evolution mechani...

The specification of a database system consists of the description of its static information structure as well as of its dynamic behaviour. Whereas in classic conceptual database design the main interest was on the static part, specification of database dynamics became an important topic in the last few years. The specification of dynamic database behaviour has to describe the correct evolution...