Testicular feminization is a rare condition: estimates of the incidence vary from 1 in 20,000 to 1 in 130,000 births. Those affected show a normal female physique and orientation: however, they have a short vagina but no uterus, and their gonads are testes which are to be found in the abdomen or in the inguinal canal. The karyotype is male, XY (Jacobs et al., 1959). Testicular feminization is c...

Research has consistently demonstrated a negative and significant relationship between occupational feminization and wages. Pay differences between maleand female-dominated occupations have traditionally been attributed to societal mechanisms that have historically undervalued the work mainly performed by women. More recently, empirical evidence from the US and Europe has supported human capita...

Patterns of protein synthesis by genital skin fibroblasts from three unrelated normal individuals and three unrelated patients with complete testicular feminization were compared to two-dimensional gel electrophoresis. cell lines were maintained in monolayer culture and pulse labeled with [35S]methionine. Cells were lysed in 9 M urea, and aliquots of 20 microliters subjected to isoelectric focu...

A very rare case of complete testicular feminisation with a 47,XXY sex chromosome complement is described. The X-chromatin is positive. The subject studied, who belongs to a family in which four other members have Morris's syndrome and have a 46,XY karyotype, is a perfect phenotypic female. The endocrine situation is unique and resembles, in part, that of subjects with Klinefelter's syndrome.

THE syndrome of testicular feminization is found in persons of female phenotype, which includes female external genitalia, who have primary amenorrhoea; the labia tend to be underdeveloped, the vagina ends blindly and the cervix is absent. Usually pubic and axillary hair is scanty or absent after puberty and breast development is good. The internal genitals are absent or rudimentary and the gon...