UNLABELLED Bradykinin induces activation of phospholipase D (PLD) via B(2) receptors in neuronal cells. To demonstrate molecular mechanism(s) of local anesthetics, we examined whether and how local anesthetics affect bradykinin-induced PLD activation in PC12 cells. Using [(3)H]Palmitic acid-labeled PC12 cells stimulated with bradykinin, formation of [(3)H]phosphatidylbutanol was measured as a v...

OBJECTIVES The objective of this study was to test the hypothesis that topical tetracaine would be safe to use for 24 hours and would not affect corneal healing, that patients would experience more pain relief, and that patients would perceive tetracaine to be more effective than saline eye drops for the treatment of pain caused by corneal abrasions. METHODS The study was a 12-month, prospect...

The author of the above-mentioned paper would like to make the following adjustment to her article. In the last paragraph of the ‘Current Treatments’ section, the sentence currently reads ‘Lidocaine/tetracaine cream (Pliaglis , Galderma Laboratories, Texas, USA) is the first Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved stable compounded mixture of 7 % lidocaine and 7 % tetracaine cream.’ This se...

Tetracaine (N,N-dimethylaminoethyl-4-butylaminobenzoate) and related N,N-dialkylaminoethyl substituted benzoic acid esters have been used to characterize the high-affinity binding site for aromatic amine noncompetitive antagonists in the Torpedo nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR). [(3)H]Tetracaine binds at equilibrium to a single site with a K(eq) value of 0.5 microM in the absence of ago...

BACKGROUND Recent developments in anesthesia applicable to family practice settings are reviewed. METHODS MEDLINE was searched using the key words "EMLA"; "iontophoresis"; "lidocaine," "tetracaine, adrenaline, cocaine"; and "lidocaine, epinephrine, tetracaine." RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS Clinical experience has shown that there is a definite and evolving role for the newer methods of office an...

β-Lactoglobulin (BLG) like other lipocalins can be modified by mutagenesis to re-direct its ligand binding properties. Local site-directed was used change the geometry of BLG pocket and therefore preferences. The presented studies are focused on previously described mutants L39Y, I56F, L58F, F105L, M107L two new variants, L39K F105A, their interactions with local anesthetic drug tetracaine. Bin...

We report an experimental study of mouse sperm motility that shows chief aspects characteristic of neurons: the anesthetic (produced by tetracaine) and excitatory (produced by either caffeine or calcium) effects and their antagonic action. While tetracaine inhibits sperm motility and caffeine has an excitatory action, the combination of these two substances balance the effects, producing a moti...

Local anesthetics, which are widely known to be neuronal voltage-gated Na(+) channel blockers, also affect a variety of other ion channels, N-methyl-d-asparate (NMDA) receptors and α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-izoxazolepropionic acid (AMPA) receptors. Glutamate, which is released from presynaptic fibers, activates extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) through NMDA and AMPA receptors in sp...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Surgical procedures previously considered too lengthy for the ambulatory surgery setting are now being performed during spinal anesthesia. The complete recovery profile of tetracaine and bupivacaine are now of interest but are not available in the literature. This study was conducted to compare times to ambulation, voiding, and complete block resolution, as well as the...

purpose: to describe the clinical signs, diagnosis and treatment of toxic keratopathy in a patient who abused tetracaine drops. case report: a 32-year-old man was referred to the emergency ward of our center with persistent corneal epithelial defect associated with a ring infiltrate in the corneal stroma, without any history of ocular trauma or contact lens use. the patient was hospitalized and...