with the KASCADE muon tracking detector J. Zabierowski ∗ †, T. Antoni, W.D. Apel, F. Badea ‡, K. Bekk, A. Bercuci, H. Blümer , H. Bozdog, C. Büttner, I.M. Brancus, A. Chilingarian, K. Daumiller, P. Doll, R. Engel, J. Engler, F. Feßler, H.J. Gils, R. Glasstetter § A. Haungs, D. Heck, J.R. Hörandel, K.–H. Kampert c §, H.O. Klages, G. Maier ¶, H.J. Mathes, H.J. Mayer, J. Milke, M. Müller, R. Obenl...

The number of electronic commerce (e-commerce) transactions has grown extraordinarily with widespread Internet usage. The right to privacy is particularly important in e-commerce. Recently, the privacy protection for consumer transactions has become more and more important in e-commerce. This paper aims to develop the study on the legislation of e-commerce consumer rights protection. It is a co...

Cancer chemotherapy is a complex treatment mode that requires balancing the benefits of treating tumours using anti-cancer drugs with the adverse toxic side-effects caused by these drugs. Some methods of computational optimisation, Genetic Algorithms in particular, have proven to be useful in helping to strike the right balance. The purpose of this paper is to study how an alternative optimisat...

What Hayes (2009, p. 5) highlights is the increasing use of information technology in support of surveillance and intelligence gathering in a range of policing methodologies that impact on the daily lives of an increasingly large part of the modern population. Most policing is intrusive and can infringe on individual rights and freedoms. The policing methodologies of surveillance and intelligen...

This paper focuses on settled migrants and calls for the construction of the right to respect for private life as an autonomous source of protection against expulsion under Article 8 ECHR. I contend that, as a core part of human existence, private life warrants meaningful protection. I posit that the fact that all settled migrants have established private life in the host State brings it to the...

In this essay I argue that it is logically and practically possible to secure the right to privacy under conditions of increasing social transparency. The argument is predicated on a particular analysis of the right to privacy as the right to the personal space required for the exercise of practical rationality. It also rests on the distinction between the unidirectional transparency required b...

By the Aarhus Convention (1998) it is recognized the right of citizens to get access to and influence decision-making in respect to issues affecting the state of the environment. More specifically, in Article 8 it is stated that public authorities are forced to engage public participation when preparing regulations or legally binding rules that have a significant environmental impact. Towards t...

This paper extends the study of ontologies in Part I of this study (Volume 14, Article 8 [Kishore et al, 2004] ) in the context of Information Systems. The basic foundations of computational ontologies presented in Part I are extended to formal specifications in this paper. This paper provides a review of the formalisms, languages, and tools for specifying and implementing computational ontolog...

Prior to 1971, women had some difficulty obtaining contraceptive materials due to a law prohibiting the distribution of contraceptives by anyone other than a registered physician or registered pharmacist. This limited access to contraceptives had an impact on women?s reproductive rights [6] and it was the Supreme Court case Eisenstadt v. Baird (1972) that helped bring the issue into the public ...

Central to the HIV testing discourse are considerations of legal, constitutional, and human rights. In South Africa, everyone has the constitutionally guaranteed right to dignity (Constitution, Section 10), the right to privacy (Constitution, Section 14), and the right to autonomy and bodily integrity (Constitution, Section 12). Section 12(2)(c) of the Bill of Rights, protects everyone against ...