working conditions made them more susceptible to many infectious and parasitic diseases). He describes the types of home and professional care provided to sick slaves by their masters and other slaves. This book contains several outstanding and many valuable essays. It does not alter the support of this reviewer for Cassedy's explanation of the assertions of the distinctiveness of southern scie...

Enslaved healers including herbalists, kaperlatas, hospitalières, infirmières, and accoucheuses existed and flourished in the medical world of Saint Domingue. They were responsible for the creation of an indigenous form of medicine on the island. Using Western, African, and Caribbean remedies, they treated their fellow slaves and white residents of the island. Slaves were more comfortable and m...

January 2, 2006 Abstract The profitability of owning slaves has been a popular area of research in economic history. Existing analyses have focused on estimating the rate of return on slaves and presenting rates of return on other available antebellum investments. Modern stockportfolio performance measures allow us to rank the owning on slaves with other investments of the period over an extend...

Adam Smith made two positive claims about slavery in the context of developing economies. First, Smith explains that slavery is in general highly inefficient. By his account, the net product under freedom is 12 times larger than under slavery. Second, he observes that, despite its inefficiencies, slavery persists in most of the world. Taken together, these claims create a fundamental puzzle: Wh...

with the advent of shāhabbās, the safavid dynasty enjoyed its pinnacle of power. in this era, thanks to the endurance of cultural traditions and long reign of the safavids, and also the extraordinary patronage of artists by the court, the strengthening and establishing of art became realized. shāhabbās’ accession to the throne caused significant political change and as a result, many traditiona...