The stochastic and intermittent characteristic of wind power present great challenge to the operation of power system. A novel unit commitment problem (UCP) model is proposed in this paper. As the status of thermal units need to be described by binary number, Binary Particle Swarm Optimization (BPSO) algorithm is proposed to find the optimum schedule scheme. Case studies on the 10 units system ...

In predicting wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) phenology, logic suggests that basing thermal unit accumulation on near-surface soil temperature should give a better representation of shoot apex thermal unit accumulation than air temperature until internode elongation raises the apex above the soil surface. A study was undertaken to determine if predictions of winter wheat phenology are improved whe...

Trees play an important part in landscaping as well thermal environment adjustment. This study selected a satellite city of Sichuan Province China, Xindu, for field measurement about tree’s crown characteristics on their cooling performances five sunny summer days during August 2019. There were several parameters showing tree used, including canopying size (tree radius, TCR), geometry (the rati...

0026-2714/$ see front matter Crown Copyright 2 doi:10.1016/j.microrel.2010.03.007 * Corresponding author. E-mail address: [email protected] (C.-P. Wang). The investigation explores the factors that influence the long-term performance of high-power 1 Wwhite light emitting diodes (LEDs). LEDs underwent an aging test in which they were exposed to various temperatures and electrical currents, to i...

Work roll thermal contour is one of the important factors for roll contour design and configuration in hot strip rolling, for which the temperature field calculation is a critical factor. To realize the work roll thermal behavior for 1450mm hot strip mill, the temperature field and thermal contour calculation model was built with finite different methods, and the genetic algorithm was introduce...

Two novel inorganic–organic hybrid supramolecular assemblies, namely, (4-HNA) (18-crown-6)(HSO4) (1) and (4-HNA)2(18-crown-6)2(PF6)2(CH3OH) (2) (4-HNA = 4-nitroanilinium), were synthesized and characterized by infrared spectroscopy, single X-ray diffraction, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and temperature-dependent dielectric measurements. The two compounds underwent reversible phase t...

Two novel inorganic–organic hybrid supramolecular assemblies, namely, (4-HNA)(18-crown-6)(HSO4) (1) and (4-HNA)2(18-crown-6)2(PF6)2(CH3OH) (2) (4-HNA = 4-nitroanilinium), were synthesized and characterized by infrared spectroscopy, single X-ray diffraction, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and temperature-dependent dielectric measurements. The two compounds underwent reversible phase tr...

Diesel engines being inferior in their emission characteristics are under greater scrutiny. Intensive research efforts are ongoing for improving fuel consumption and exhaust emissions from diesel engines. For improving performance of engine, Ceramic based Thermal barrier Coating plays a major role. Tests were performed on four stroke, single cylinder, DI diesel engine whose piston crown, cylind...