Introduction: Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) can cause serious and life-threatening hospital- and community-acquired infections. Colonized and infected patients represent the most important reservoir of MRSA in health care facilities. Therefore, in this study, MRSA isolates collected from Shohada Hospital in Tabriz were evaluated for the frequency of mecA gene and their anti...

Introduction: Urinary tract infection is a common nosocomial infection that has recently become difficult to treat because of the increased emergence of multi-drug resistant strains. This study aims to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration, and molecular pattern of resistance to fosfomycin in Escherichia coli isolates originated from patients hospitalized with urinary tract infection i...

Background: Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) plays an important role in gastrointestinal diseases. The goal of this research was to determine phenotypic and genotypic characteristics of MRSA isolated from dairy and meat products in Iran. Methods: Ninety-three S. aureus isolates were prepared which had been obtained in our previous study. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing w...

background and aims: citrus exocortis disease is naturally limited to citrus plants and causes a serious disease on sensitive rootstocks such as trifoliate orange. the aim of this study was to sample new variants of citrus exocortis viroid from fars trees with yellowing and suberization symptoms and comparison with other isolates of this viroid. materials and methods: a number of symptomatic or...

genetic structure and pathogenic diversity of sclerotinia sclerotiorum, the causal agent of canola white stem rot, were assessed through mycalial compatibility groupings (mcgs), a comparison and comparing of isolate virulence. fifty-seven isolates from three different regions in golestan province were selected for mycelial compatibility and as well for virulence tests. within the 57 tested isol...

pathogenicity and genetic variability of 13 fusarium oxysporum isolates collected from sugar beet field of six provinces of iran during 1999- 2008 were evaluated. pathogenic variability of the isolates was determined using a root-dip assay in spore suspension in test tubes for four- week plants. the isolates were classified into strong and weak pathogenic groups. a total of 15 rapd primers were...

In order to evaluate the effect of different Trichoderma isolates on reducing the effects of drought stress on Polianthes tuberose flower, two factorial experiments were carried out based on a completely randomized design with three replications. In the first and second experiments, the first factors were Bi and 65 isolates of Trichoderma harzianum at three levels (0,...

Objective: The aim of this study was to estimate genetic variability and phonetic relationships of 50 isolates of P. sojae from Iran. Methods: During 2005–2007, 142 isolates of Phytophthora sojae were collected from soil samples and diseased soybean plants from Lorestan, Mazandaran, Golestan and Ardabil provinces. Races of the isolates were determined. DNA of P. sojae...