Familiarity with the normal and abnormal anatomy of the root canal system is essential for successful root canal treatment. The possibility of concomitant three-rooted and three- canalled maxillary and mandibular premolars are extremely rare. The purpose of this paper was to report a case with a three-rooted maxillary first premolar and two three-rooted mandibular premolars.

Rooted quivers are quivers that do not contain A∞ ≡ ··· → • → • as a subquiver. The existence of flat covers and cotorsion envelopes for representations of these quivers have been studied by Enochs et al. The main goal of this paper is to prove that flat covers and cotorsion envelopes exist for representations of A∞. We first characterize finitely generated projective representations of A∞. We ...

7 An antimatroid is a family of sets such that it contains an empty set, and it is accessible and closed under union of sets. An antimatroid is an ‘antipodal’ concept of matroid. 9 We shall show that an antimatroid is derived from shelling of a poset if and only if it does not contain a minor isomorphic to S7 where S7 is the smallest semimodular lattice that is not 11 modular. It is also shown ...