In order to calculate quality adjusted life years (QALYs) from time trade-off (TTO) responses, individual preferences are required to satisfy the constant proportional time trade-off (CPTTO) assumption. Respondents who use a simple proportional heuristic may appear to satisfy CPTTO but will in fact generate preference reversals for states that are associated with a maximal endurable time (MET)....

This paper presents a multi-objective resource-constrained project scheduling problem with positive and negative cash flows. The net present value (NPV) maximization and making span minimization are this study objectives. And since this problem is considered as complex optimization in NP-Hard context, we present a mathematical model for the given problem and solve three evolutionary algorithms;...

In common models of project time-cost trade-off, time value of money is not considered and often time-cost trade-off is performed without considering time value of money. In real world, pass of time causes decrease in money value. Therefore, taking into account the time value of money in time-cost trade-off problem makes this problem is becoming more and more realistic. In this paper, we study ...

determination of trade-off, which they are feasible and similar variations on all of decision making units (dmu), is important issue in data envelopment analysis (dea). in this paper, we select these trade-offs based on an external evaluation of dmus such that the correlation between external evaluation and technical evaluation resulted from dea model is maximized. in fact, we sift the trade-of...

this paper presents a multi-objective resource-constrained project scheduling problem with positive and negative cash flows. the net present value (npv) maximization and making span minimization are this study objectives. and since this problem is considered as complex optimization in np-hard context, we present a mathematical model for the given problem and solve three evolutionary algorithms;...