Voluntary waiting period and adoption of synchronized breeding (ovulation synchronization followed by timed artificial insemination) were characterized from 33 million services of Holsteins and Jerseys in Dairy Herd Improvement herds. Calving month, calving year, and parity had large effects on days to first service for both breeds. Holstein cows that calved during March and April were bred lat...

The objective was to compare the costs of natural service (NS) and timed artificial insemination (TAI) as breeding programs for dairy cows. Both programs were directly compared in a field study from November 2006 to March 2008. Reproductive results in that study were similar and served as inputs for this study. A herd budget accounting for all costs and revenues was created. Net cost during the...

Abstract A growing body of literature suggests that the world's languages can be classified into three rhythm classes: mora-timed languages, stress-timed and syllable-timed languages. However, scholars cannot agree on which rhythmic measures discriminate classes most satisfactorily whether speech rate factor should considered. In this study, we analyze production by bilingual speakers, compare ...