Introduction The food supply chain despite being heavily regulated is increasingly in the spotlight for safety scares, recalls and disruptions. Public focus on these issues has also grown following increasing consumer concerns and its consequential costs imposed on the society.(Fearne, Hornibrook et al. 2001). Food supply chains of today are particularly fragile owing to the geographic, economi...

We propose a generalized framework for the modeling of tradeable securities with dividends which are not necessarily cash dividends at fixed times or continuously paid dividends. In our setup the dividend processes are only required to be semi-martingales. We give a definition of self-financing replication which incorporates dividend processes, and we show how this allows us to translate standa...

BACKGROUND Determining optimal methods for preventing suicide continues to be an elusive goal. AIMS The study examines benefits and possible untoward effects of public service announcements (PSAs) for young adults. METHODS Young adult participants (N = 279) were randomly assigned to one of three conditions: (a) a billboard simulation, (b) a 30-s TV ad simulation, and (c) a no-information co...

This study focuses on the intraday relative timing of same day announcements of earnings and dividends. The price effects of three timing patterns are examined: (a) both earnings and dividends announced after the close of trading, (b) dividends announced before and earnings announced after the close of trading, and (c) earnings announced before and dividends announced after the close of trading...

this paper divulges the long term relationship among earning, investment and dividends from 2000 to 2011. empirical evidence was collected to explore the modigliani and miller theory of dividend irrelevance. data was collected from all the sectors but it was ensured that firms did not have negative data of earnings as it is earnings which are either transformed into investment or dividends. mul...

this world; though all the discussions are focused on the causal relationships in allthe scientific arguments. one of the methods to study the designed causal relationshipsobjectively is granger causality test. this paper aims to investigate the longtermcausal relationship between the stock price and dividends. the statisticalpopulation includes 180 active companies in stock exchange of tehran ...

In this note we value and hedge European options on assets paying discrete stochastic dividends. Our hedging strategy is based only on the underlying asset, risk-free bonds and dividend strips. Our simple strategy is easily seen to be compatible with early results based, among other things, on the existence of a dividend forward contract. Such contracts, however, are not traded in the market pl...

The study attempts to find out the impact of buyback announcement on share price. Paired sample T-test is employed to compare share price before and after the buyback announcement. The analysis of variance is also used to find out whether there is any significant difference among industries in the price change due to buyback announcement. The study is carried out from 1st January 2005 to 31st D...

Firms scheduled to report earnings earn an annualized abnormal return of 9.9%. We propose a risk-based explanation for this phenomenon, in which investors use announcements to revise their expectations for non-announcing …rms, but can only do so imperfectly. Consequently, the covariance between …rm-speci…c and market cash-‡ow news spikes around announcements, making announcers especially risky....