The purpose was to achieve therapeutic fluxes of timolol by transdermal delivery using skin electroporation. The transdermal transport of timolol through human stratum corneum was studied in three compartment diffusion cells. The electrodes, buffer composition and pulse conditions were optimized. Timolol maleate concentration in the donor compartment was 40 mg/ml. Square wave pulses were applie...

We studied 67 patients (100 eyes) with childhood glaucoma who were treated with timolol maleate. Thirty of these patients (40 eyes) did not require additional surgery or medications after being treated with timolol (follow-up, from six to 60 months). Thirty-one eyes (78%) in this group had a pressure drop; 18 eyes (45%) had a pressure drop of greater than 10 mm Hg. We conclude that timolol is e...

The authors determined whether the ocular absorption of topically applied timolol in the pigmented rabbit was affected significantly by coadministration with either pilocarpine or epinephrine in the same drop to explain the nonadditivity in intraocular pressure lowering (IOP) seen clinically. They instilled 25 microliters of 0.65% timolol maleate solution (equivalent to 0.5% timolol), both in t...

The purpose of this study was preparation and evaluation of sustained release matrix type ocular mini-tablets of timolol maleate, as a potential formulation for the treatment of Glaucoma. Following the initial studies on timolol maleate powder, it was formulated into ocular mini-tablets. The polymers investigated in this study included cellulose derivatives (HEC, CMC, EC) and Carbopol971P. Mann...

The purpose of this study was preparation and evaluation of sustained release matrix type ocular mini-tablets of timolol maleate, as a potential formulation for the treatment of Glaucoma. Following the initial studies on timolol maleate powder, it was formulated into ocular mini-tablets. The polymers investigated in this study included cellulose derivatives (HEC, CMC, EC) and Carbopol971P. Mann...

The effects of timolol maleate administered intravenously on coronary and systemic haemodynamics, myocardial metabolism, and plasma catecholamine concentrations were assessed in 10 patients with confirmed coronary artery disease. Rapid atrial pacing to the onset of angina was performed in all patients. Timolol reduced cardiac output at rest and during pacing and reduced resting heart rate but d...

AIMS To compare the safety and efficacy of unoprostone, brimonidine, and dorzolamide as adjunctive therapy to timolol in patients with primary open angle glaucoma or ocular hypertension. METHODS This was a randomised, double masked, parallel group, multicentre (14) study. After using timolol maleate 0.5% monotherapy twice a day for 2 weeks, patients (n = 146) with an early morning intraocular...

PURPOSE To compare histological changes induced by antiglaucoma medications in the rabbit conjunctiva. METHODS Fifty New Zealand rabbits were divided in 5 groups of 10 animals. The left eyes were treated daily with one drop of bimatoprost 0.03%, travoprost 0.004%, latanoprost 0.005%, timolol maleate 0.5% or artificial tears containing benzalkonium chloride (BAK) for 30 days. The right eyes se...