phospho sulfonic acid (psa) synthesized as an environmentally safe and efficient solid acid catalyst, and it used for the synthesis of several 2-disubstituted benzimidazoles, 2-substituted benzoxazoles, and 2-substituted quinoxalines in ethanol as a green solvent at ambient temperature is described. (i) a very simple, green and efficient procedure for the synthesis of benzimidazole and also benz...

Metal Binder Jetting emerged and it has been developing an additive manufacturing method. type, binder ratio, sintering process, atmosphere couldn’t be transparently determined due to its development stage. In this study, effect of temperature was investigated parts’ microstructure which manufactured by Additive Manufacturing. manufacturing, SS316L metal powder used as a raw material, ultraviol...

the aims of this study were to determine hippuric acid and toluene in urine samples, airborne toluene levels, health effects, and to describe any correlation between specimen samples. seventy-five printing workers exposed to toluene at work (exposed group), and 60 nonexposed people (control group) were studied. study participants were selected from same factories in the different positions. uri...

Dopamine (3, 4-dihydroxyphenyl ethylamine, DA) is one of the most important neurotransmitters in the mammalian central nervous system. This paper presents a new approach to detect dopamine using an electrochemical sensor based on a composite made out of chitosan-stabilized silver nanoparticles and p-toluene sulfonic acid-doped ultrathin polypyrrole film, which exploits the synergy between the c...

This study aims to examine the operating pressure effect on manufacture of biodiesel from Palm Kernel Fatty Acid Distillate (PKFAD) by using para-Toluene Sulfonic (PTSA) catalyst. The pressures studied are vacuum 70 kPa, 80 90 and 100 which varied with PTSA concentrations 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, molar ratios methanol PKFAD 5:1, 6:1, 7:1, 8:1, 9:1, 10:1. Biodiesel production is carried out react...

sulfonic acid-based precursors (sap) play an important role in tailoring mesoporous silica’s and convert them to a solid acid catalyst with a bronsted-type nature. these kinds of solid acids contribute to sustainable and green chemistry by their heterogeneous, recyclable, and high efficiency features. therefore, knowing the properties and reactivity of saps can guide us to manufacture a sulfona...