Introduction  Despite its in vitro efficacy, penicillin often fails to eradicate Group A β-hemolytic streptococci (GABHS) from patients with acute and relapsing pharyngo-tonsillitis (PT). Objective  This review of the literature details the causes of penicillin failure to eradicate GABHS PT and the therapeutic modalities to reduce and overcome antimicrobial failure. Data Synthesis  The causes o...

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the analgesic activity of ibuprofen against paracetamol using a simple pain model. DESIGN A double-blind study. SETTING Twenty general practitioners in Harare, Zimbabwe. PATIENTS Adults with acute sore throat of a maximum of two days' duration. INTERVENTIONS One hundred and thirteen patients with acute pain associated with tonsillo-pharyngitis randomly received eit...

Occipital artery (OA) to the posterior inferior cerebellar artery (PICA) bypass is indispensable for the management of complex aneurysms of the PICA that cannot be reconstructed with surgical clipping or coil embolization. Although OA-PICA bypass is a comparatively standard procedure, the bypass is difficult to perform in some cases because of the location and situation of the PICA. We describe...

BACKGROUND AND IMPORTANCE Intracranial venous hypertension is known to be associated with venous outflow obstruction. We discuss the diagnosis and treatment of mechanical venous outflow obstruction causing pseudotumor cerebri. CLINICAL PRESENTATION We report 2 patients presenting with central venous outflow obstruction secondary to osseous compression of the internal jugular veins at the cran...

Eagle’s syndrome, the famous discovery of W. Eagle, is associated with repeated episodes of pain on rotating the neck, dysphagia and referred otalgia due to elongation of styloid process or ossified stylohyoid. Familiarity with Eagle’s syndrome shows that its symptoms can be easily confused with other craniomandibular diseases. Since it is a rare clinical entity, its diagnosis is often hard to ...