[1] The emerging interdisciplinary approaches of ecohydrology and hydropedology are sensitive to variation in soil-surface energy inputs, which are primarily modified by topography and woody plant canopies. Yet a synthesis of the interactive effects of these two modification types is lacking. We systematically estimated near-ground surface solar radiation inputs as modified by key attributes of...

LS is a very important factor in erosion evaluation. Slope gradient and slope length is used to calculate LS factor. However a major limitation is the difficulty in extracting the LS factor at regional landscape scales. The geographic information systembased (GIS-based) methods which have been developed for estimating the slope length for USLE and RUSLE model also have limitations. he unit cont...

Regional slope values for earth and Venus are calculated for each 3 ø x 3 ø region of topography, and the global characteristics of these magnitudes are examined and compared. The effects on terrestrial regional slope due to ocean loading are treated by approximating the component of seafloor depth due to the weight of the overlying water column and removing this component from the ocean topogr...

[1] We use limb profiles to quantify the long‐wavelength topography of the Saturnian satellites. The degree 2 shapes of Mimas, Enceladus, and Tethys are not consistent with hydrostatic equilibrium. We derive 2‐D topographic maps out to spherical harmonic degree 8. There is a good correlation with topography derived from stereo techniques. If uncompensated, topography at degree 3 and higher is l...

The time-series topography change of a landfill site before its failure has rarely been surveyed in detail. However, this information is important for both landfill management and early warning of landslides. Here, we take the 2015 Shenzhen landslide as an example, and we use the radar shape-from-shading (SFS) technique to retrieve time-series digital elevation models of the landfill. The resul...

Relationships between composition of secondary vegetation and environment were studied in central North Island, New Zealand. A classification procedure was used to identify broad compositional groups which included forest, broadleaved scrub, shrub-fernland, sclerophyllous scrub and shrubland, and tussock-shrubland. Generalised additive models (GAMs) were used to examine relationships between sp...

Temperature variability was studied on tropical reefs off the coast of Saudi Arabia in the Red Sea using remote sensing from Aqua and Terra satellites. Cross-shore gradients in sea surface temperature (SST) were observed, including cold fronts (colder inshore) during winter and warm fronts (warmer inshore) during summer. Fronts persisted over synoptic and seasonal time-scales and had a periodic...

We seek to conduct a comprehensive investigation of the dynamical mechanisms of vertical coupling over topography. • To construct a realistic model of the potential vorticity (PV) distribution on density layers across the Gulf Stream, generated from high-resolution density and velocity observations. • To demonstrate evidence of vertical coupling between the upper and lower layers in a hypothesi...