1.1 Modification of Transparent Conducting Oxide (TCO) Electrodes through Silanization and Chemisorption of Small Molecules . . . . . 15 Michael Brumbach and Neal R. Armstrong 1.1.

In this paper, we consider fuzzy inventory with backorder. First, we fuzzify the storing cost a, backorder cost b, cost of placing an order c, total demand r, order quantity q, and shortage quantity s as the triangular fuzzy numbers in the total cost. From these, we can obtain the fuzzy total cost. Using the signed distance method to defuzzify, we get the estimate of the total cost in the fuzzy...

All resources need to be managed to realize opportunities. Isolating the benefits of Information Technology and relating them to the associated costs has proved elusive and threatened emerging opportunities. A change of approach has been advocated to overcome these problems which focuses on the Total Cost of Ownership. Over the past several years, the Total Cost of Ownership has been both haile...

Examining two different changes in retail format, we show that consumers alter their purchase behavior when the retail context changes. In both settings, the change in purchasing behavior is consistent with the effect being driven by an interpersonal interaction between the consumer and the retail clerk. We therefore model the change in format as a “social friction” in which consumers may not p...

3. The HIPC-Initiative, Fiscal Ownership and the Quality of Aid 3.1. The Quantitative and Qualitative Impact of the HIPC-Initiative 3.2. Impact on Resource Flows: The Debt Reduction Dividend 3.2.1. Measuring the Amount of Virtual Resources 3.2.2. Additionality 3.2.3. Debt Overhang 3.2.4. Debt Sustainability 3.3. Impact on Poverty Reduction and Aid Effectiveness 3.3.1. Channeling Debt Relief int...

Data centers have turned into a big concern for enterprises. Data centers have exhibited steadyenergy demand growth, and electric utilities have received sizeable requests for electrical power for new facilities. Electricity usage costs have become an increasing fraction of the total cost of ownership for data centers. There are many challenges and opportunities for researchers to explore the i...

Bender et al. (SPAA 2013) have proposed a theoretical framework for testing in contexts where safety mistakes must be avoided. Testing in such a context is made by machines that need to be often calibrated. Given that calibration costs, it is important to study policies minimizing the calibration cost while performing all the necessary tests. We focus on the single-machine setting and we extend...

pinch technology is one of the best methods for designing a multi stream heat exchanger(mshe) through a network; current pinch-based methods, however, lead to a larger and more complicateddesign problems. the major drawback of the current methods is they result in designs having more individual mshe sections than essential, correspond to the enthalpy intervals on temperature vs. enthalpy diagra...

With increasing expenses for future HPC centers, the need to look at their productivity, defined as amount of science per total cost of ownership (TCO), grows. This includes development costs which arise from development effort spent to parallelize, tune or port an application to a certain architecture. Development effort estimation is popular in software engineering, but cannot be applied dire...