Aflatoxin is a mycotoxin generated mostly by the fungus Aspergillus flavus, which may be found in food and feed. It carcinogenic poison for both humans animals. The goal of this investigation was to see if toxicogenic A. flavus strains might on nuts Kurdistan Region. A total Fifty nut samples. colony color texture were used identify macromorphological qualities, whereas spore color, size, struc...

In 2003–2006, micromycetes – potential producers of mycotoxins – were detected and their taxonomic dependence as well as ability to produce toxins under various growth conditions were assessed. Accumulation regularities of toxin-producing micromycetes in vegetables, fruit, berries, herbs, grain, seeds and their products were found out. Factors determining fungal abilities to produce various tox...

Background Proteases are enzymes used in diversified process and industrial products, where the most important is the food sector and the detergent fabrication. The microbial obtention way is the most relevant, and the filamentous fungi are the main synthesis agents in industrial scale. [1]. The genres Conidiobolus, Verticillium, Penicillium e Aspergillus are reported as proteases producers. Th...

Increased interest in clinical application of photodynamic therapy (PDT) in various medical fields poses a demand for better understanding of processes triggered by photo-treatment. Most of the work on PDT performed so far has focused on the immediate effects of photo-treatment. It is generally accepted that cellular damage occurs during light exposure and within a short period thereafter. If c...

Background: Legumes are plants that contain edible seeds and belong to the family Leguminosae with varying nutritional benefits to humans and animals. This study aimed to detect and identify toxicogenic molds on some legumes purchased from two local markets in Ho Municipality, Ghana. Methods: A total of 36 samples, including cowpea (n=9), soybean (n=9), brown bean (n=9), and Bambara bean (n=9)...

A method has recently been described (Elek, 1948) for the detection in vitro of toxin-producing organisms including C. diphtheriae. The present paper has two purposes. The first is the examination of a larger series of strains of C. diphtheriae with a view to establishing the reliability of the procedure, for if the method is to be of any practical value for clinical purposes it must demonstrat...

It has been possible by rapid transfers alone, not only to maintain the virulence for mice of the pneumococcus in artificial media but also to restore a certain degree of virulence to cultures previously rendered non-virulent by less rapid transfers in the same medium. For these results the presence of enriching fluids such as blood or serum is not required. In addition it has been shown that a...

INTRODUCTION In recent times, food safety and security have generally remained basic human needs, therefore because of the largely unregulated nature of the Nigerian markets, coupled with the poor housing and feeding conditions to which animals are subjected in the abattoirs, a survey for assessing potential mycotoxin exposure through meat consumption was undertaken. METHODS Eighty Samples of...

In this multicentre study on multiple chemical sensitivity (MCS) 291 consecutive environmental medicine (EM) outpatients were examined in several environmental medicine outpatient centres/units throughout Germany in 2000/2003. Of the EM outpatients, 89 were male (30.6%) and 202 were female (69.4%), aged 22-80 (mean 48 years, S.D.=12 years). The sample was representative for university-based env...

The surface coverage of certain dry fermented sausages such as Italian salami by some species of Penicillium provides their characteristic flavor and other beneficial properties. One of them is the protective effect by means of a uniform film of white mold against undesirable microorganisms. The aim of this work was to identify and to isolate the fungal species present in mature Italian type of...