Yao (1994) has presented a unified time Petri net model (TPN) for temporal knowledge representation and reasoning, where the TPN model presented has a good contribution to the aspect of temporal knowledge representation and reasoning. However, there are a number of errors which should be corrected. The purpose of the paper is to identify these errors, and the corrections provided permit the rea...

AIM To investigate the effects of prolonging hang time of total parenteral nutrition (TPN) fluid on central line-associated blood stream infection (CLABSI), TPN-related cost and nursing workload. METHODS A before-after observational study comparing the practice of hanging TPN bags for 48 h (6 February 2009-5 February 2010) versus 24 h (6 February 2008-5 February 2009) in a tertiary neonatal i...

The liver is a major site of glucose disposal during chronic (5 day) total parenteral (TPN) and enteral (TEN) nutrition. Net hepatic glucose uptake (NHGU) is dependent on the route of delivery when only glucose is delivered acutely; however, the hepatic response to chronic TPN and TEN is very similar. We aimed to determine whether the route of nutrient delivery altered the acute (first 8 h) res...

In this paper, we compare Timed Automata (TA) and Time Petri Nets (TPN) with respect to weak timed bisimilarity. It is already known that the class of bounded TPNs is strictly included in the class of TA. It is thus natural to try and identify the subclass T A of TA equivalent to some TPN for the weak timed bisimulation relation. We give a characterization of this subclass and we show that the ...

Total parenteral nutrition (TPN), a commonly used treatment for patients who cannot receive enteral nutrition, is associated with significant septic complications due in part to a loss of epithelial barrier function (EBF). While the underlying mechanisms of TPN-related epithelial changes are poorly understood, a mouse model of TPN-dependence has helped identify several contributing factors. Ent...

Critical real-time embedded systems (RTES) crucially have strong requirement concerning system’s reliability. UML and its profile MARTE are standardized modeling language that are getting widely accepted by industrial designers to cope with the development of complex RTSE. In Model-driven engineering, verification at early phases of the system lifecycle is an important problem, which remains op...

BACKGROUND AND AIMS This study was designed to investigate a relatively optimum dose of partial enteral nutrition (PEN) which effectively attenuates intestinal barrier dysfunction initiated by ischemia/reperfusion injury (IRI). METHODS In experiment 1, 60 male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were subjected to intestinal IRI and assigned to six groups according to the different proportion of EN admin...

BACKGROUND Cholestasis is a frequent problem in patients on total parenteral nutrition. Cisapride has a prokinetic effect on the biliary system, but its effect on hepatic excretory function is unknown. OBJECTIVES To study the effect of cisapride on TPN-induced cholestasis in a rat model. METHODS Bile flow and bile salt secretion rate were measured in rats given TPN. There were four groups o...

Tapasin (Tpn) has been implicated in multiple steps of the MHC class I assembly pathway, but the mechanisms of function remain incompletely understood. Using purified proteins, we could demonstrate direct binding of Tpn to peptide-deficient forms of MHC class I molecules at physiological temperatures. Tpn also bound to M10.5, a pheromone receptor-associated MHC molecule that has an open and emp...

We derive in this paper on-line algorithms for fault diagnosis of Time Petri Net (TPN) models. The plant observation is given by a subset of transitions while the faults are represented by unobservable transitions. The model-based diagnosis uses the TPN model to derive the legal traces that obey the received observation and then checks whether or not fault events occurred. To avoid the consider...