Field experiments were carried out in Huantai County from 2006 to 2008 to evaluate the effects of different nitrogen (N) fertilization and irrigation management practices on water leakage and nitrate leaching in the dominant wheat–maize rotation system in the North China Plain (NCP). Two N fertilization (NF1, the traditional one; NF2, fertilization based on soil testing) and two irrigation (IR1...

The present optimal water delivery scheduling models are based on the assumed equal design discharges of lateral canals, which are not in accordance with practical water delivery scheduling demand in most irrigation systems. In order to solve this problem, a model of lateral canals with unequal discharges and a solution method were proposed; At present, traditional fixed penalty factor have som...

Ultrasonic irrigation of the root canal can be performed with or without simultaneous ultrasonic instrumentation. When canal shaping is not undertaken the term passive ultrasonic irrigation (PUI) can be used to describe the technique. In this paper the relevant literature on PUI is reviewed from a MEDLINE database search. Passive ultrasonic irrigation can be performed with a small file or smoot...

The availability of water is a global issue which is predicted to become more pronounced in the future. As a large and relatively dry continent Australia is presented with a series of challenges within the agriculture sector. As a result, the adoption of appropriate, efficient and effective irrigation systems is an important element for future sustainability. In various Australian growing regio...

INTRODUCTION Occasionally, urologists may see patients requiring temporary bladder irrigation at hospitals without stocks of specialist irrigation apparatus. One option is to transfer the patient to a urology ward, but often there are outstanding medical issues that require continued specialist input. Here, we describe an improved system for delivering temporary bladder irrigation by utilizing ...