It is argued that firm cooperation in supply chain management can be classified as a hybrid governance structure in a new institutional sense. Using a key informant survey, exploratory data on transaction dimensions and supply chain management was gathered and analyzed. Findings suggest that the implementation of such cooperation is not a binary choice but rather a matter of varying degrees. Al...

This article develops a framework for environmental policy analysis based on an encompassing assessment of transaction costs. This approach emphasizes the ex ante costs of establishing environmental entitlements, and the ex post costs of administrating, monitoring, and enforcing them. The framework is used to organize a literature review which addresses policy design and instrument choice, as w...

The agricultural reform in Hungary broke the previously vertically integrated agri-food system in different lines. The structures in agriculture, food industry and food retailing have fundamentally changed. These changes have also influenced the vertical governance structures in agri-food sector. The aim of this paper is to investigate the choice of farmers among various supply channels in Hung...

Transaction costs” are commonly referred to in the recent literature on aid effectiveness. The shift to a new partnership aid paradigm (cf. the Paris Agenda) is grounded on the desire to render aid more effective, notably through reducing the high transaction costs generated by the project approach. Aid transaction costs, however, have neither been consistently defined nor measured. In this pap...

'Advanced database applications', such as CAD/CAM, CASE, large AI applications or image and voice processing, place demands on transaction management which differ substantially from those in traditional database applications. In particular, there is a need to support 'enriched' data models (which include, for example, complex objects or version and configuration management), 'synergistic' coope...

We set the basis for a theory of testing for distributed transactions in service oriented systems where each service definition is decorated with a transactional attribute (inspired by the Java Transaction API). Transaction attributes discipline how services are executed with respect to the transactional scope of the invoking party. We define a language of observers and show that, in general, t...

In the study presented institutional context is discussed in terms of companies’ entry mode choice. In contrary to many previous analyses, instead of using one or two aggregated variables, a set of eleven determinants is used to establish equity and non-equity internationalization friendly conditions. Based on secondary data, 140 countries are analyzed and grouped into clusters revealing simila...

That multinational enterprises entering a new market must adapt their strategies to the host country environment has been a hallmark finding in the international business literature. In recent years, increasing attention has been paid to the adaptation of these strategies to the demands of the institutions in the host economies (Oxley, 1999; Peng, 2000). Institutions are important for the funct...

The objective of the original ‘adaptive participant’s presumption protocol’ (AP) was to achieve the performance advantages of one-phase commit protocols, whenever possible, and, at the same time, the wide applicability of two-phase commit protocols. Specifically, AP operates as a one-phase commit protocol for the commit processing of a transaction so long as the transaction is not associated wi...