During recent years, non-invasive brain stimulation, including transcranial electrical stimulation (tES) in general, and transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) in particular, have created new hopes for treatment of neurological and psychiatric diseases. Despite promising primary results in some brain disorders, a more widespread application of tES is hindered by the unsolved question of...

Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is a representative non-invasive brain stimulation method (NIBS). tDCS increases cortical excitability not only in healthy individuals, but also in stroke patients where it contributes to motor function improvement. Recently, two additional types of transcranial electrical stimulation (tES) methods have been introduced that may also prove beneficia...

Transcranial electrical stimulation (tES) has been widely used in the clinic and in behavioral neuroscience research. The effects of transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS) range from treating depression to augmenting human cognition. Optimization of tACS protocols will require an understanding of the mechanisms of actions of externally applied electric fields on the brain. We have ...

Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS) is a non-invasive, low-cost, well-tolerated technique producing lasting modulation of cortical excitability. Behavioral and therapeutic outcomes of tDCS are linked to the targeted brain regions, but there is little evidence that current reaches the brain as intended. We aimed to: (1) validate a computational model for estimating cortical electric f...

Corticospinal excitation is mediated by polysynaptic pathways in several vertebrates, including dexterous monkeys. However, indirect non-monosynaptic excitation has not been clearly observed following transcranial electrical stimulation (TES) or cervicomedullary stimulation (CMS) in humans. The present study evaluated indirect motor pathways in normal human subjects by recording the activities ...

STUDY DESIGN A prospective, nonrandomized cohort study. OBJECTIVE To describe a technique quantifying movement induced by transcranial electrical stimulation (TES) induced movement in relation to the positioning of electrodes during spinal deformity surgery. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA TES induced movement may cause injuries and delay surgical procedures. When TES movements are evoked, muscl...

The case report describes the effects of 5 Hz repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) combined with transcutaneous electrical stimulation (TES) in a patient with severe stroke. The patient was a 69-year-old male who was affected by a left middle cerebral artery infarction. The patient had no movement in his right hand. To assess the effects, cerebral blood flow and motor function we...

Although numerous studies have been performed using transcranial electrical stimulation (tES), our understanding of tES-induced effects on neural activity remains limited, especially regarding the effects on neural networks. The use of an approach, such as electroencephalography (EEG) in combination with tES, could allow for a more detailed understanding of the neural mechanisms involved in the...

Number: 949 Submitted By: Kohitij Kar Last Modified: December 1 2010 Retinal And Cortical Effects Of Transcranial Electric Stimulation Kohitij Kar, Bart Krekelberg Center for Molecular and Behavioral Neuroscience, Rutgers University Transcranial electric current stimulation (tES) of the human brain is assumed to affect cortical excitability by invoking subthreshold modulation of neuronal activi...

The notion of recording neural activity and using it to guide electrical stimulation is a concept that is pervasive across ongoing efforts to modulate brain function. In particular, electroencephalography (EEG) and transcranial electrical stimulation (TES) are linked by a long-standing reciprocity principle which, despite being known for over a century, has not led to a formalism for rationally...