Overproduction of transforming growth factor-beta clearly underlies tissue fibrosis in numerous experimental and human diseases. Transforming growth factor-beta's powerful fibrogenic action results from simultaneous stimulation of matrix protein synthesis, inhibition of matrix degradation, and enhanced integrin expression that facilitates matrix assembly. In animals, overexpression of transform...

Each of the effector CD4 T-cell lineages - Th1, Th2, and the more recently identified Th17 - arises from pluripotent naïve precursors whose developmental fate is largely controlled by cytokines that act in concert with antigenic signals. Remarkably, development of the Th17 lineage has been linked to that of regulatory T cells, which obviate or downregulate Th17 responses to preserve immune home...

The same enzyme is responsible for the activation of transforming growth factor-beta-like signalling molecules and the processing of fibrillar procollagens. This finding implicates a metalloendoprotease in the control of cell behavior and matrix assembly during morphogenesis.

introduction: astrocytes, the most abundant glia in the central nervous system, modulate neuronal survival and function. astrocytic functions are mediated by synthesis and secretion of wide ranges of polypeptides through mechanism (s) poorly understood. among these, tgfβs are synthesized and released by the astrocytes. in this study, the involvement of wnt signaling pathway on the synthesis of ...

Novel oral transforming growth factor-beta signaling inhibitor EW-7197 eradicates CML-initiating cells" (2016).

W ITHIN the past two years, there has been an exponential increase in research on transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta). ~ In this brief minireview, we cannot provide a detailed survey of this topic (see referenees 56 and 73 for other reviews). Rather, we will summarize some new results, indicative of the importance of this peptide as a multifunetional regulator of cellular activity. The t...

Little is known about the involvement of Smad-related molecules in the regulation of the Transforming Growth Factor (TGF)-beta signaling pathway during hepatocarcinogenesis, particularly with respect to preneoplastic lesions of a rat liver. The aims of this study were to investigate the localizations and temporal expressions of TGF-beta Receptor Type 1 (TGR1) and Smads during the promotion stag...