The pahse transition from instanton-dominated quantum tunneling regime to sphaleron-dominated classical crossover regime is explored in (1+1)dimensional scalar field theory when spatial coordinate is compactified. It is shown that the type of sphaleron transition is critically dependent on the circumference of the spatial coordinate. Based on our main result we conjecture the type of winding nu...

Different flow patterns of downward gas-liquid two-phaseflow using simple mixer are studied in an experimental manner. An experimental setup is designed and fabricated to allow the visual observation of downward two-phase flow patterns and their transitions. The flow patterns are recorded by a 1200 frames per second high speed video camera. The quality of downward two-phase flow patterns photos...

the main challenge of developing countries, is achieving growth and development. review of economic growth literature shows that the quality of institutions and social infrastructure are important factors that influence the economic growth and development. also many analysts believe that between institutional factors, the rule of law is one of the most elements for appropriate system for invest...

Regime shifts are massive, often irreversible, rearrangements of nonlinear ecological processes that occur when systems pass critical transition points. Ecological regime shifts sometimes have severe consequences for human well-being, including eutrophication in lakes, desertification, and species extinctions. Theoretical and laboratory evidence suggests that statistical anomalies may be detect...

Many nonlinear lattice systems exhibit high-amplitude localized structures, or discrete breathers. Such structures emerge in the discrete nonlinear Schrödinger equation when the energy is above a critical threshold. This paper studies the statistical mechanics at the transition and constructs the probability distribution in the regime where breathers emerge. The entropy as a function of the ene...

This paper concerns the problem of optimal investment and consumption with power utility when there is event risk. Events are modelled by transitions in a finite state Markov chain, but unlike traditional regime switching models, changes in regime (i.e. events) may be accompanied by jumps in the asset price at the instant of transition, where the distribution of the jump sizes are conditional o...

This paper presents a numerical investigation of regime transition of flow of ellipsoidal particles and a comparison with that of spherical particle assembly. Particle assemblies constituting spherical and ellipsoidal particle of 2.5:1 aspect ratio are examined at separate instances in similar flow conditions in a shear cell model that is numerically developed based on the discrete element meth...

The transition from instanton-dominated quantum tunneling regime to sphaleron-dominated classical crossover regime is explored in (1+1)dimensional scalar field theory when spatial coordinate is compactified. It is shown that the type of sphaleron transition is critically dependent on the circumference of the spatial coordinate.

We characterized the α-to-β transition in α-helical coiled-coil connectors of the human fibrin(ogen) molecule using biomolecular simulations of their forced elongation and theoretical modeling. The force (F)-extension (X) profiles show three distinct regimes: (1) the elastic regime, in which the coiled coils act as entropic springs (F < 100-125 pN; X < 7-8 nm); (2) the constant-force plastic re...