Translation of mRNA into protein proceeds in three phases: initiation, elongation, and termination. Regulated translation allows the prompt production of selective proteins in response to physiological needs and is often controlled by sequence-specific RNA-binding proteins that function at initiation. Whether the elongation phase of translation can be modulated individually by trans-acting fact...

The biochemical function of the potyviral P3 protein is not known, although it is known to regulate virus replication, movement, and pathogenesis. We show that P3, the putative virulence determinant of soybean mosaic virus (SMV), targets a component of the translation elongation complex in soybean. Eukaryotic elongation factor 1A (eEF1A), a well-known host factor in viral pathogenesis, is essen...

Decades of genetic, biochemical, biophysical, and structural studies suggest that the conformational dynamics of the translation machinery (TM), of which the ribosome is the central component, play a fundamental role in the mechanism and regulation of translation. More recently, single-molecule fluorescence resonance energy transfer (smFRET) studies have provided a unique and powerful approach ...

The main processed mRNA encompasses exons 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, this last can be in short or long form. In a few cases also exon 1' is retained. In a few cases exons 1 (and 1') are substituted by the alternative exon from a putative upstream minor promoter, as described above. Moreover, a quite high number of processed transcripts that, after exons 1 and 2, retain intron 2, which introduces a...

Gene translation is a central stage in the intra-cellular process of protein synthesis. Gene translation proceeds in three major stages: initiation, elongation, and termination. During the elongation step ribosomes (intra cellular macro-molecules) link amino acids together in the order specified by messenger RNA (mRNA) molecules. The homogeneous ribosome flow model (HRFM) is a mathematical mode...