Great attention has been paid to the potential of wastewater irrigation as a sustainable water source, particularly due to water scarcity and water pollution issues. However, few studies have focused on its adverse effects and on the health risks it may pose. In this study, the physicochemical properties of soils and plants irrigated with rural domestic wastewater and associated microbiological...

An integrated chemical-physical-biological treatment concept for the low-cost treatment of domestic wastewater is proposed. Domestic wastewater was subjected to a chemically enhanced primary treatment (CEPT), followed by treatment in an upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactor. In addition, a regenerable zeolite was used to remove NH4+, either after CEPT pretreatment or after biological t...

Wastewater generated by domestic, municipal, and industrial sectors has been increasingly used, particularly in dry areas, to provide water and nutrients to agriculture, aquaculture, and agroforestry systems. While such use helps in income generation and livelihood resilience amid water scarcity, use of wastewater in untreated or inadequately treated forms may result in negative impacts on huma...

Alternative wastewater treatment systems combat many on-site disposal problems, but no incentives are given to householders to improve the domestic wastewater quality before treatment or disposal. While governments address phosphorus reduction programs, the effect of sodium in wastewater is ignored. Many laundry detergents use sodium salts as fillers, adding significant sodium to the wastewater...

In this study, the pilot apparatus combined with sand filtration, ozonation and ultrafiltration was established. Wastewater from the secondary treatment effluent in the new-developed community was taken as the sample for looking into the feasibility of domestic wastewater reuse and recycling. The test results by sand filtration, sand filtration/ultrafiltration, sand filtration/ozonation, and sa...

This study quantitatively assessed three limiting factors for current density in a microbial electrochemical cell (MXC) treating domestic wastewater: (1) buffer concentration, (2) biodegradability, and (3) particulates. Buffer concentration was not significant for current density in the MXC fed with filtered domestic wastewater (180 mg COD/L). Current density reduced by 67% in the MXC fed with ...

Direct Capillary Nanofiltration (Direct CNF) is a new technique used for surface water and wastewater treatment in one step without pre-treatment. The CNF membrane module combines the favourable cleaning properties of capillary ultrafiltration membranes with the favourable separation properties of nanofiltration membranes in terms of removal of DOC, colour, bacteria, viruses and pesticides. Dir...

The nutrient removal efficiency of Chlorella vulgaris cultivated in domestic wastewater was investigated, along with the potential to use membrane filtration as a pre-treatment tool during the wastewater treatment process. Chlorella vulgaris was batch cultivated for 12 days in a bubble column system with two different wastewater treatments. Maximum uptake of 94.18% ammonium (NH₄-N) and 97.69% o...

High-throughput microbial electrolysis cells (MECs) were used to perform treatability studies on many different refinery wastewater samples all having appreciably different characteristics, which resulted in large differences in current generation. A de-oiled refinery wastewater sample from one site (DOW1) produced the best results, with 2.1±0.2 A/m(2) (maximum current density), 79% chemical ox...