The instant endeavor was undertaken for determination of lead (Pb) in water, soil, forage, and cow’s blood domesticated contaminated area heavy automobiles’ exhaust Sahiwal town District Sargodha, Pakistan. Water samples showed that the concentration Pb ranged from 1.14 to 0.44 mg kg−1 at all sites. It maximum site 5 minimum 2. Soil sites 1.58 0.279 kg−1. soil where Avena sativa grown found Zea...