About the author. . . . Friedrich Nietzsche’s (1844-1900) intuitive and visceral rejection of the economics, politics, and science of European civilization in the 19th century led him to predict, “There will be wars such as there have never been on earth before.” His dominant aphoristic style of writing and his insistence of truth as convenient fiction, or irrefutable error, have puzzled philos...

a commonly desired ultimate foundation or ground is full unity, community, or consensus, which is often, if not typically, figured as lost or perhaps lacking, usually because of the intrusive presence of others seen as outsiders or polluters of the city or the body politic. One may, however, insist that such unity, community, or consensus is absent and that the sociopolitical problem is how to ...

1 HERE are social practices and virtues which, if we are to characterize them, require us to mention the truth. This is not the same as mentioning what other people hold true (their beliefs), or just mentioning what we regard as true (our own beliefs). We may contrast in this respect two different virtues of truth, which may be labeled sincerity and accuracy. Sincerity (at the most basic level)...