Background: Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder (NMOSD) is an autoimmune neurological disorder that is characterized by optic neuritis and longitudinally-extended transverse myelitis lesions in spinal segments. Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) findings are part of the diagnostic process in NMOSD patients, and abnormal lesion patterns may cause deviation from a correct diagnosis.  Clinical P...

Nonneoplastic demyelinating processes of the brain with mass effect on magnetic resonance imaging can cause diagnostic difficulties. It requires differential diagnosis between the tumefactive demyelinating lesion and the coexistence of neoplasm. We document the case of 41-year-old woman with clinical and radiological findings suggestive of multiple sclerosis. Additional investigations confirmed...

We report the course of a 16-year-old girl who presented with near complete visual loss associated with chiasmal neuritis and a biopsy proven tumefactive demyelinating lesion on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in association with a recent immunization against human papilloma virus.

BACKGROUND Neuromyelitis optica (NMO) is a severely disabling inflammatory disorder of the central nervous system and is often misdiagnosed as multiple sclerosis (MS). There is increasing evidence that treatment options shown to be beneficial in MS, including interferon-β (IFN-β), are detrimental in NMO. CASE PRESENTATION We here report the first Caucasian patient with aquaporin 4 (AQP4) anti...

A 51-year-old woman had developed fever and consciousness disturbance at 47 years of age. Brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed acute disseminating encephalomyelitis (ADEM)-like lesions without gadolinium enhancement (GDE). One year later, she had an episode of bilateral optic neuritis and cerebellar ataxia. Speech deficit and right hand weakness occurred at the age of 51 years. Neuro...

Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy, diffusion-weighted axonography, and diffusion tensor tractography in a patient with tumefactive demyelination plaque (TDP) were evaluated for differential diagnosis from glioblastoma. The findings of glutamate and glutamine elevations on magnetic resonance spectroscopy and apparent tracts within the lesion on axonography and tractography were unlikely to ...

Background: Multiple Sclerosis is an inflammatory demyelinating disease having varied manifestations in terms of clinical featuresand radiological features. Rarely it may present as a large lesionwith accompanying edema and mass effect, thereby simulating intracranial tumor, known Tumefactive Demyelination. Symptoms are usually related to the pressure focal lesion. When manifests patient withou...

Cerebral mass-like lesion (MLL) is a rare form of Neuro-Behçet's (NB) disease. There is currently no detailed knowledge on this issue in the literature. Our aim was to describe a Behçet's disease (BD) patient with MLL, followed by a clinical analysis in light of the available literature regarding BD patients who suffered from an MLL or tumefactive lesion in the brain. We conducted a review of t...