This paper introduces dynamics in the R&D to innovation and innovation to productivity relationships, which have mostly been estimated on cross-sectional data. It considers four nonlinear dynamic simultaneous equations models that include individual effects and idiosyncratic errors correlated across equations and that differ in the way innovation enters the conditional mean of labor productivit...

Longitudinal data, often called repeated measurements in medicine and panel data in the social sciences, arise when units provide responses on multiple occasions. Such data can be thought of as clustered or two-level data with occasions i at level 1 and units j at level 2. One feature distinguishing longitudinal data from other types of clustered data is the chronological ordering of the respon...

We use a binary and a multinomial probit model to describe the Dutch household moving decision and joint decisions of the housing tenure choice and residential mobility, respectively. We can only observe the change of the tenure choice after the household moved. We use the method of simulated maximum likelihood (SML) to estimate the heterogeneity by using the specification of random effects wit...

Traffic and environmental conditions (e.g., weather conditions), which frequently change with time, have a significant impact on crash occurrence. Traditional crash frequency models with large temporal scales and aggregated variables are not sufficient to capture the time-varying nature of driving environmental factors, causing significant loss of critical information on crash frequency modelin...

The purpose of this paper is to study the suitability of loan loss provision (LLP) of Iranian banks when the industry is dealing with earning management behaviors. This goal has been reached using a two-step approach to analyze the discretionary component of LLP and then examine the relevant factors. This empirical study uses an unbalanced panel data of 15 listed banks during the 2006-2017 peri...

This study presents a new approach to ranking professional forecasters in an unbalanced panel. Ranking professional forecasters while not accounting for missing forecasts can lead to arbitrary results particularly depending on the forecasted variable and time period chosen. Here, our focus is on a third, very important but neglected, factor—the missing forecast. This paper identifies some serio...