BACKGROUND The quality of routine data, such as the maternal mortality ratio (MMR), infant mortality rate (IMR), and under-five mortality rate (U5MR) is often questioned. The objective of this study was to compare routine and survey data on key maternal and child health indicators, including the MMR, IMR, and U5MR in the Guizhou Province of China. METHODS In 2008, an urban area and a rural ar...

background and aims: the study investigated mortality rates of children in west area of isfahan province in 2006-2012. methods: this cross- sectional study performed in a seven- years period by using information received from isfahan health center on neonatal mortality rate, infant mortality rate,under 5 years mortality rate in the west of isfahan province. results: the results showed that the ...

After Independence in the early 1960s, child mortality in Kenya fell rapidly. Until around 1980, the under 5 mortality rate (U5MR), the probability of dying by age 5, fell at an annual rate of about 4 percent per annum. This rate of decline slowed in the early 1980s, to about 2 per cent per annum. Recent data from the 1998 Kenya Demographic and Health Survey showed that, far from declining, the...

BACKGROUND Malawi ratified a compulsory birth and death registration system in 2009. Until it captures complete coverage of vital events, Malawi relies on other data sources to calculate mortality estimates. We tested a community-based method to estimate annual under-five mortality rates (U5MR) through the Real-Time Monitoring of Under-Five Mortality (RMM) project in Malawi. We implemented RMM ...

Background and aims: The study investigated mortality rates of children in west area of Isfahan province in 2006-2012. Methods: This cross- sectional study performed in a seven- years period by using information received from Isfahan Health center on neonatal mortality rate, infant mortality rate,under 5 years mortality rate in the west of Isfahan provinc...

BACKGROUND The child mortality rate is a good indicator of development. High levels of infectious diseases and high child mortality make the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) one of the most challenging environments for health development in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). Recent conflicts in the eastern part of the country and bad governance have compounded the problem. This study aimed to examine ...

BACKGROUND Between 1990 and 2006, China reduced its under-five mortality rate (U5MR) from 64.6 to 20.6 per 1000 live births and achieved the fourth United Nation's Millennium Development Goal nine years ahead of target. This study explores the contribution of social, economic and political determinants, health system and policy determinants, and health programmes and interventions to this succe...

Despite India’s impressive economic performance after the introduction of economic reforms in the 1990s, progress in advancing the health status of Indians has been slow and uneven. Large inequities in health and access to health services continue to persist and have even widened across states, between rural and urban areas, and within communities. Three forms of inequities have dominated India...

INTRODUCTION Due to biological reasons, boys are more likely to die than girls. The detection of gender bias requires knowing the expected relation between male and female mortality rates at different levels of overall mortality, in the absence of discrimination. Our objective was to compare two approaches aimed at assessing excess female under-five mortality rate (U5MR) in low/middle-income co...