Marine mammals use vocalisations for a number of purposes: in locating food and underwater obstacles, and to maintain contact with members of their family group. These sounds are loud in comparison with the ambient background, but are subject to masking due to underwater noise sources such as tidal turbines. We developed a model of animal movement which implements simple behavioural rules to al...

PURPOSE: This technical note characterizes underwater sound produced by a backhoe dredge during rock removal as part of the widening and deepening of New York/New Jersey Harbor. Both continuous sounds (e.g., engine and generator sounds transmitted through the hull) and repetitive, punctuated sounds (e.g., associated with bucket bottom contact and the repositioning of spuds) comprise a broad spe...

The INFN NEMO-OνDE (Ocean Noise Detection Experiment) station, deployed on the seafloor at 2000 m depth 25 km offshore Catania (Sicily, Italy) in year 2005, was designed to continuously transmit broad-band acoustic data through optical cables to the INFN lab located in the port of Catania. It was operational until November 2006, when it was replaced by other experimental equipment. During the o...

The long term goals are to (1) understand the role of wave-induced bubbles in the upper ocean boundary layer on the performance of underwater communications systems and ambient noise generation, (2) study the implications of focusing by surface gravity waves on Doppler sonar and acoustic communications systems in shallow and very shallow water, and (3) study the performance of acoustic vector s...

In this paper, we calculate the capacity of a point-to-point communication link in an underwater acoustic channel. The analysis takes into account the effects of various acoustic propagation loss models. A physical model of ambient noise power spectral density is also considered. We perform a comparative assessment of the influence of various acoustic transmission loss models on the acoustic ba...

Anthropogenic noise in the ocean has increased substantially in recent decades, and motorized vessels produce what is likely the most common form of underwater noise pollution. Noise has the potential to induce physiological stress in marine fishes, which may have negative ecological consequences. In this study, physiological effects of increased noise (playback of boat noise recorded in the fi...

Abstract The effect of underwater radiated noise (URN) pollution (produced by merchant ships) on marine ecology has become a topic extreme concern for both the academic community and general public. This paper summarises some research results modelling about shipping published over several decades, which comprises significance low-frequency ambient noise, source levels (SL), empirical models me...