The paper presents a new analytical algorithm which is able to carry out direct and exact reliability quantification of highly reliable systems with maintenance (both preventive and corrective). A directed acyclic graph is used as a system representation. The algorithm is based on a special new procedure which permits only summarization between two or more nonnegative numbers that can be very d...

Although a large body of literature has suggested that doctoral supervisors play an important role in their students’ attempts at scholarly publishing, few studies have focused specifically on what roles they play. This study sought to address this gap by zooming in on the various roles a group of Chinese doctoral students found their supervisors playing in their scholarly publishing endeavors....

comprehensive set of countries with populations of 1 million or more in 1994. In total, our data include 5.507 billion people, of an estimated global population in 1994 of 5.601 billion, or 98.3 percent of the total world population. The main countries missing from the sample, because of unavailability of data, are: Afghanistan, Albania, Bosnia & Herzegovina, Cambodia, Cuba, Iraq, Lebanon, and ...

The subject of ‘orphan works’ and ‘abandonware’ is gaining legal attention lately. It concerns the status of copyrighted works which are still within the term of protection but are no longer commercially available to the public. This paper examines the question of orphan works and abandonware from a law and economics perspective. Orphan works and abandonware are classified into five types depen...

The use of crash data based methodologies for safety evaluation has been usually problematic due to the many shortcomings such as, unavailability and low quality of historical crash data. Other than crash data based analysis, development of micro-simulation models in conjunction with surrogate safety measures is shown to have potential to complement traditional safety analysis. However several ...

In Advanced Heavy Water Reactor, a set of 168 Self-Powered Neutron Detectors (SPNDs) distributed uniformly at 6 axial locations in 28 vertical In-core Detector Housing (ICDH) units each, has been proposed to be used for monitoring and control neutron flux distribution the reactor core. These SPNDs arrived by applying K-means clustering approach on simulated in-core detector measurements, proved...