The linear accelerator (linac) is a device that uses highfrequency electromagnetic waves to accelerate charged particles such as electrons to high energies through a linear tube. The high-energy electron beam can be used for treating superficial tumours, or it can be made to strike a target to produce x-rays for treating deep-seated tumours. In the majority of instances, the collimated beam eme...

The linear accelerator (linac) is a device that uses highfrequency electromagnetic waves to accelerate charged particles such as electrons to high energies through a linear tube. The high-energy electron beam can be used for treating superficial tumours, or it can be made to strike a target to produce x-rays for treating deep-seated tumours. In the majority of instances, the collimated beam eme...

Aim: The purpose of this study was to make a comparison between measured and calculated physical wedge dose distributions using the superposition algorithm. Settings and Design: The accurate determination of absorbed dose is important radiotherapy because of the relatively steep sigmoidal dose response curves for both tumor control and normal-tissue damage. Materials and Methods: High-energy ph...

Enhanced dynamic wedge factors (EDWF) are characterized by a strong field size dependence. In contrast to physical wedge factors, the EDWF decrease as the field size is increased: for 6 MV 60 degrees wedge, the EDWF decreases by 50% when the field size is increased from 4 x 4 cm2 to 20 x 20 cm2. A method that eliminates the field size dependence of EDWF was developed and investigated in this wo...

Most working-age Americans obtain health insurance coverage through the workplace. U.S. law requires employers that offer health plans to use a price common to all in the group, but the value of insurance to each risk-averse individual varies with their idiosyncratic health risk. Hence, linking employment and health insurance creates a wedge between the marginal cost and benefit of insurance. S...

We investigate critical wetting transitions for fluids adsorbed in wedge-like geometries where the substrate height varies as a power-law, z(x, y) ∼ |x| γ , in one direction. As γ is increased from 0 to 1 the substrate shape is smoothly changed from a planar-wall to a linear wedge. The continuous wetting and filling transitions pertinent to these limiting geometries are known to have distinct p...

In our earlier work, we introduced a definition for the electric charge "fractional-order" multipoles using the concept of fractional derivatives and integrals [l]. Here, we utilize that definition to introduce a detailed image theory for the two-dimensional (2-D) electrostatic potential distributions in front of a perfectly conducting wedge with arbitrary wedge angles, and for the three-dimens...