seismic ground motion is profoundly affected by geometrical and mechanical properties of soil deposits overlaying bedrock. local seismic ground response of saturated soil deposits was studied in literature by applying the effects of soil stress state and index properties on the strain-dependent normalized shear modulus reduction, g/g0, and damping ratio, d, curves in an equivalent linear analys...

The majority of hydraulic processes under a natural condition in a field are carried out under unsaturated flow conditions. The soil moisture retention curve (SMRC) is the most important hydraulic characteristic of an unsaturated soil whose knowledge is of prime importance in soil-water studies such as soil conservation, soil erosion, land evaluation, soil reclamation, and water resources manag...

In 1968, Matyas and Radhakrishna introduced the concept of state surface, demonstrating that unsaturated soil volume change is dependent on two independent stress variables, net total suction. For decades basic theory soils has been known, a holistic view elastoplastic response soils, based modified surface approach (MSSA), makes it clear method accounting for roles suction required to quantify...