To the Editor: Approaches to the craniofacial skeleton have been developed to provide good surgical access and to obtain cosmetically favorable scars. The zygomatic complex and the orbit present a significant concern for postoperative scars because of their prominent visibility on the face. A zygomaticomaxillary orbital complex fracture may require exposure of the zygomatic buttress through the...

BACKGROUND Brow ptosis is a potential complication after upper eyelid blepharoplasty. The aim of this study was to analyze the effect of upper blepharoplasty on eyebrow position. METHODS In this Between April 2011 and March 2013, eighty three patients (166 eyes with mean age of 49.7 years) underwent upper eyelid blepharoplasty. The patients were assessed using pre- and post-operatively digita...

PURPOSE To assess current practice patterns for management of upper and lower eyelid blepharoplasty by active American Society of Ophthalmic Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery members. METHODS An invitation to participate in a web-based anonymous survey was sent to the active American Society of Ophthalmic Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery membership via email. The survey consists of 34 ques...

PURPOSE A youthful female upper eyelid contour includes a concave medial portion of the upper eyelid along with a fuller, convex lateral eyelid. The skin in the lateral eyelid is tight without hooding. This is a sigmoid shape in 3-dimensional terms. With aging, fatty herniation medially along with redundant, hooded, ptotic lateral skin creates the exact opposite eyelid curve. The sigmoid blepha...

BACKGROUND Non-incisional blepharoplasty is a simple, less invasive method for creating a more natural-appearing double eyelid than classical incisional blepharoplasty. However, in aging patients, non-incisional blepharoplasty is not effective due to more severe blepharochalasis. Traditionally, incisional blepharoplasty is a common surgical method used for older patients, but blepharoplasty in ...

Diplopia is an infrequent complication after blepharoplasty. Most of the cases are in its vertical form due to trauma of the extraocular muscles. In this article, we present a case of horizontal diplopia following cosmetic upper blepharoplasty; we review the literature on this unexpected complication and offer some recommendations to avoid it.

BACKGROUND Upper blepharoplasty is a common aesthetic surgical procedure. Different surgical techniques and markings have been described, some of which may incorporate browpexy or browlifting. Considering the upper periorbital area as an aesthetic unit, various techniques of browpexy and browlifting have been taken into consideration. OBJECTIVES The authors describe their technique for upper ...

BACKGROUND The techniques of lower blepharoplasty are evolving to reflect the concept that the lower eyelid contour does not stop at the inferior orbital rim, and that the lid-cheek junction must often be modified to restore the midface to a youthful configuration. Multiple procedures have been proposed to smooth the lid-cheek junction and tear trough. The author proposes a technique of carbon ...

PURPOSE To compare external levator advancement and Müller's muscle-conjunctival resection (conjunctivomullerectomy, or CJM) for correction of upper eyelid involutional ptosis. DESIGN Retrospective, nonrandomized, comparative interventional case series. METHODS Review of medical records of 159 patients (272 surgical procedures) who underwent external levator advancement or CJM was performed...